Publication: Implantación y desarrollo de la televisión temática en el entorno televisivo español
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2017-12-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El medio de comunicación más universal de todos, la televisión, nació hace aproximadamente setenta años. Al cabo de tres décadas de evolución comenzó a transitar desde una comunicación dirigida prácticamente en exclusiva al grueso de la población, hacia una comunicación fragmentada para alcanzar grupos demográficos atraídos por determinados intereses específicos. Este fue el paso entre el tradicional modelo de televisión generalista y el novedoso modelo de televisión temática allá por los años setenta del pasado siglo. En España este segundo modelo comunicacional de la televisión llegó algo más tarde. Hizo su aparición hace poco más de dos décadas y lo hizo asociado a las, entonces todavía jóvenes, primeras experiencias de televisión de pago. Estas, además, comenzaban a utilizar sistemas de distribución distintos a la televisión hertziana analógica como el satélite o el cable. Ambas, distribución y pago, fueron razones que explican que se tendiese a asociar la televisión temática con determinados tipos de envío de la señal o con el acceso condicional pero, como la producción académica ya se había ocupado en demostrar, su esencia no reside en estos factores sino en una disposición distinta de los contenidos; en un discurso tematizado. La televisión temática de nuestro país es el objeto de esta tesis. Su implantación y desarrollo como modelo completo, es decir, en sus variantes de pago o gratuitas y en su devenir histórico desde sus inicios hasta hoy, vistos sobre el conjunto del mercado televisivo español, será el camino por el que transcurrirá esta obra. La pretensión final es la de conocer el modelo de televisión temática de España separadamente de condicionantes como los sistemas distribución o el factor del desembolso económico para el disfrute de contenidos televisivos. Lógicamente estos dos factores y otros muchos de carácter económico, legislativo, etc. son indisociables en un recorrido sobre el objeto de estudio, pero no son el objeto en sí. Precisamente la mirada e indagación sobre el modelo temático español en conjunto es la novedad que aporta esta obra. Y es que hoy la televisión temática española se manifiesta finalmente en todos y cada uno de los sistemas televisivos. Desde hace algo más de una década está presente en el actual sistema de televisión digital terrestre y en los sistemas de distribución basados en internet, tanto de pago como de acceso libre...
The most universal mass media, television, was born about seventy years ago. After three decades of evolution, it transitioned from a form of communication addressed almost exclusively to the bulk of the population, to a fragmented type of communication meant to reach demographic groups attracted by specific interests. This was the step between the traditional model of generalist television and the new model of thematic television that took place in the seventies of the last century. In Spain, this second communication model of television came somewhat later. It made its appearance just over two decades ago and became associated with the, then still young, first experiences with pay television. They also began to use different distribution systems from analog terrestrial television, such as satellite or cable. Both, distribution and payment, were reasons that the issue tended to be associated with certain types of TV signal transmission or conditional access, but as academic works have already demonstrated, its essence lies not in these factors but in a different arrangement of content; in a thematic discourse. The focus of this doctoral thesis is thematic TV in Spain. Its establishment and growth as a holistic model, both in its subscription-based and its free-to-air model and its evolution since its early days until today, seen from the perspective of the whole Spanish TV market, is the path we’ll take throughout this work. The final aim is to understand the model of thematic television in Spain leaving aside conditions such as distribution systems, or the factor of financial outlay in viewer enjoyment of television content. Obviously, these factors and many other economic, legislative, etc., are inseparable to the object of this study, but in this case, they are not the object itself. Precisely this look and inquiry into the Spanish thematic model as a whole is the novelty of this work; because today, Spanish thematic television manifests itself in each and every television system. For a little over a decade, it has been present in today's digital terrestrial television and distribution systems based on the Internet, both pay and free access...
The most universal mass media, television, was born about seventy years ago. After three decades of evolution, it transitioned from a form of communication addressed almost exclusively to the bulk of the population, to a fragmented type of communication meant to reach demographic groups attracted by specific interests. This was the step between the traditional model of generalist television and the new model of thematic television that took place in the seventies of the last century. In Spain, this second communication model of television came somewhat later. It made its appearance just over two decades ago and became associated with the, then still young, first experiences with pay television. They also began to use different distribution systems from analog terrestrial television, such as satellite or cable. Both, distribution and payment, were reasons that the issue tended to be associated with certain types of TV signal transmission or conditional access, but as academic works have already demonstrated, its essence lies not in these factors but in a different arrangement of content; in a thematic discourse. The focus of this doctoral thesis is thematic TV in Spain. Its establishment and growth as a holistic model, both in its subscription-based and its free-to-air model and its evolution since its early days until today, seen from the perspective of the whole Spanish TV market, is the path we’ll take throughout this work. The final aim is to understand the model of thematic television in Spain leaving aside conditions such as distribution systems, or the factor of financial outlay in viewer enjoyment of television content. Obviously, these factors and many other economic, legislative, etc., are inseparable to the object of this study, but in this case, they are not the object itself. Precisely this look and inquiry into the Spanish thematic model as a whole is the novelty of this work; because today, Spanish thematic television manifests itself in each and every television system. For a little over a decade, it has been present in today's digital terrestrial television and distribution systems based on the Internet, both pay and free access...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Periodismo IV (Empresa Informativa), leída el 05-02-2016