Publication: Los mitos vivos de México: identidad regional en los Altos de Jalisco
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2018-02-08
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Contribuir al análisis de los procesos de cambio de las identidades sociales, es el objetivo central de esta tesis. Para ello, se ha estudiado la identidad que ha dado cohesión a la región de Los Altos de Jalisco, en el occidente de México, cuyos habitantes vivían en 1994 un acelerado proceso de transformación social y económica. El diseño de esta investigación se basa en los planteamientos y metodologías del paradigma de la mediación social, por lo que sus resultados se pueden relacionar con las aportaciones de otras investigaciones precedentes, que también están referidas a las funciones mediadoras de las identidades. El mexicano, según la identidad nacional, es mestizo. Sin embargo, en México existen diversas identidades étnicas y regionales que no se ciñen a este perfil impuesto por el gobierno federal desde principios del siglo XX. Particularmente, existen comunidades criollas cuya existencia fue soterrada por la ideología revolucionaria del México moderno. Una de estas, la alteña, es una identidad con orígenes que datan de la época de la Conquista (1520), y que había permanecido sin cambios fundamentales hasta finales del siglo pasado. Esta comunidad representaba, en los años noventa, una oportunidad excepcional para establecer cuatro objetivos particulares de investigación: primero, describir cuáles eran los elementos que la constituían y cómo estaba estructurada; segundo, identificar qué papel había jugado, en tanto comunidad criolla, en relación al mapa identitario de México; tercero, analizar cómo el cambio social estaba impactando en los procesos de identificación de este grupo social, y cuarto, contribuir con nuevas evidencias a reforzar la validez del paradigma de las funciones mediadoras que cumplen las identidades sociales, a nivel de las representaciones individuales y colectivas...
The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the analysis of the process by which social identities change. For that purpose, this research focuses on studying the identity that has given cohesion to the Altos of Jalisco, a region in the west of Mexico whose inhabitants underwent a rapid process of social and economic transformation during 1994. This research design is based on the approach and methodology of the social mediation paradigm, and therefore its results can be compared to previous research contributions that also address the mediating function of identities. According to the national identity, Mexicans are mestizos. However, Mexico is home to several ethnic and regional identities that do not conform to this profile imposed by the federal government at the beginning of the 20th century. Specifically, there are creole communities whose existence was buried under the revolutionary ideology of modern Mexico. One such identity, the alteña (demonym for the Altos of Jalisco region) originated during the Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire (1520) and had remained largely unchanged until the late 20th century. During the late 20th century, this community embodied an exceptional opportunity for establishing four specific research objectives: first, describe which elements comprised it and its structure; second, identify the role of the creole community in relation to Mexico's identity map; third, analyze how social change affected the identification process of this social group; and fourth, provide new evidence to reinforce the validity of the mediating role paradigm fulfilled by social identities in terms of individual and collective representations...
The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the analysis of the process by which social identities change. For that purpose, this research focuses on studying the identity that has given cohesion to the Altos of Jalisco, a region in the west of Mexico whose inhabitants underwent a rapid process of social and economic transformation during 1994. This research design is based on the approach and methodology of the social mediation paradigm, and therefore its results can be compared to previous research contributions that also address the mediating function of identities. According to the national identity, Mexicans are mestizos. However, Mexico is home to several ethnic and regional identities that do not conform to this profile imposed by the federal government at the beginning of the 20th century. Specifically, there are creole communities whose existence was buried under the revolutionary ideology of modern Mexico. One such identity, the alteña (demonym for the Altos of Jalisco region) originated during the Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire (1520) and had remained largely unchanged until the late 20th century. During the late 20th century, this community embodied an exceptional opportunity for establishing four specific research objectives: first, describe which elements comprised it and its structure; second, identify the role of the creole community in relation to Mexico's identity map; third, analyze how social change affected the identification process of this social group; and fourth, provide new evidence to reinforce the validity of the mediating role paradigm fulfilled by social identities in terms of individual and collective representations...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Sociología IV, leída el 29-03-2017