Publication: La fotografía periodística en el relato multimedia
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2018-02-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los media construyen su biografía en cada edición que hacen pública. Es habitual pensar que su historia es una línea de tiempo sin interrupciones y que su evolución ha continuado de un espacio a otro sin mayores complicaciones, así sin más, es connatural asumir que los cibermedios son una superación de los medios tradicionales, o que la fotografía digital ha rebasado a la fotografía analógica; se ignora que esos saltos cualitativos se originan en estructuras diferentes, que derivan en procesos complejos y que lograr un nuevo punto de equilibrio toma su tiempo y conlleva afectaciones colaterales. Visitar un cibermedio y ojear sus fotografías periodísticas se ha vuelto una actividad habitual que casi no se repara ni en sus contenidos ni en su praxis, se tiende a pensar que las fotografías están allí de forma natural, cumpliendo una función estética más que representativa; en la práctica se la asume como un mecanismo de navegación casi al margen del relato informativo. La fotografía es consustancial con los medios de comunicación y en los entornos digitales es mucho más complicada de lo que se aprecia a simple vista. La fotografía periodística es al mismo tiempo gancho, noticia, relato, narración, discurso, pregunta, respuesta, connotación, denotación, ilustración, enlace, vínculo, representación, reflejo, continente, contenido y aunque pase desapercibida la fotografía es o debería sersentido; por ello, el presente estudio describe las características de la fotografía periodística y su función en el relato multimedia, a partir de la observación y comparación de sus relaciones intrínsecas y extrínsecas, en tres medios digitales de entornos geográficos diferentes: The Guardian (Reino Unido), El País (España) y El Universo (Ecuador), cuya trayectoria tiene semejanzas. Se han examinado con detenimiento y de forma aleatoria las secciones de actualidad de 45 ediciones digitales de cada cibermedio durante el 2016 y los resultados obtenidos del rastreo dan pautas del tratamiento diferenciado que reciben, de la estrecha asociación casi determinanteque mantienen con los soportes tecnológicos y de sus horizontes próximos...
The media build their biography in every publishing they make. It's usual to think that its history is a timeline without interruptions and that its evolution has continued from one space to another without major complications, it's natural to assume digital media is an overcoming of traditional media, or that digital photography has surpass to analog photography; It's not recognised these qualitative leaps originate in different structures, derive in complex processes and that obtain a new balance takes its time and carries collateral affectations. Visit a digital media and browsing his journalistic photographs has become in one habitual activity in which anyone does not pay attention to contents nor its praxis, one tends to think that the photographs are there in a natural way, fulfilling an aesthetic rather than representative function. In practice it's assume it as a navigational element almost apart from the informative context. Photography is consubstantial with the media and in digital ecosystem is much more complex than is seen with the naked eye. The journalistic photography is at the same time hook, news, narrative, speech, question, response, connotation, denotation, illustration, link, representation, mirror, reflection, continent, content and although it goes unnoticed photography especially is sense; this research describes the features of journalism photography and its role in the multimedia story, based on the observation and comparison of their intrinsic and extrinsic relationships, in three digital media from different geographic context: The Guardian (United Kingdom), El País (Spain) and El Universo (Ecuador), whose trajectory has similarities. The news sections of 45 digital editions of each newspaper have been randomly examined during 2016 and the results obtained from the tracing give guidelines of the differential treatment that they receive and the close relationship almost determinant that they maintain with the technological supports and of their horizons...
The media build their biography in every publishing they make. It's usual to think that its history is a timeline without interruptions and that its evolution has continued from one space to another without major complications, it's natural to assume digital media is an overcoming of traditional media, or that digital photography has surpass to analog photography; It's not recognised these qualitative leaps originate in different structures, derive in complex processes and that obtain a new balance takes its time and carries collateral affectations. Visit a digital media and browsing his journalistic photographs has become in one habitual activity in which anyone does not pay attention to contents nor its praxis, one tends to think that the photographs are there in a natural way, fulfilling an aesthetic rather than representative function. In practice it's assume it as a navigational element almost apart from the informative context. Photography is consubstantial with the media and in digital ecosystem is much more complex than is seen with the naked eye. The journalistic photography is at the same time hook, news, narrative, speech, question, response, connotation, denotation, illustration, link, representation, mirror, reflection, continent, content and although it goes unnoticed photography especially is sense; this research describes the features of journalism photography and its role in the multimedia story, based on the observation and comparison of their intrinsic and extrinsic relationships, in three digital media from different geographic context: The Guardian (United Kingdom), El País (Spain) and El Universo (Ecuador), whose trajectory has similarities. The news sections of 45 digital editions of each newspaper have been randomly examined during 2016 and the results obtained from the tracing give guidelines of the differential treatment that they receive and the close relationship almost determinant that they maintain with the technological supports and of their horizons...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Periodismo II, leída el 13-06-2017