Publication: Asociación entre la dieta durante el embarazo y la salud y el peso del descendiente
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2018-02-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La gestación es el periodo en el que tiene lugar el desarrollo del embrión hasta la formación completa del feto. En la segunda mitad del embarazo las necesidades nutricionales de las madres se ven incrementadas para cubrir las demandas del feto en crecimiento, lo que resulta de especial interés a nivel nutricional. Además, la etapa preconcepcional y las medidas adoptadas para la preparación al embarazo, condicionan las primeras etapas de la formación del feto. La dieta y los hábitos de vida durante el embarazo, influyen en el peso ganado por las gestantes, en el peso al nacer del neonato, y la salud de la madre y el descendiente (en el presente y en el futuro). La situación nutricional de la madre en la etapa pre-concepcional y durante el embarazo condicionan una programación metabólica que determina el control de peso y el riesgo de aparición de enfermedades futuras en el descendiente. Aunque durante el embarazo hay una concienciación mayor sobre la importancia de una correcta alimentación en las mujeres, tal vez los conocimientos y las pautas seguidas no sean las adecuadas. El objetivo de esta tesis es conocer el estado con el que las mujeres afrontan el embarazo y la situación que mantienen durante el mismo en cuanto hábitos alimentarios y estilos de vida, analizando cómo pueden influir en la ganancia de peso de la embarazada según su estado ponderal inicial, el peso del neonato y el desarrollo de posibles enfermedades en la descendencia...
Pregnancy is the period in which the development of the embryo to the complete formation of the fetus takes place. During the second half of pregnaancy, nutritional needs of women are increased during this period in order to meet the demands of the growing fetus, which is of special nutritional interest. In addition, the first stages of the formation of the fetus are determined by the preconceptional period and the measures taken during the preparation of pregnancy. Diet and life habits during pregnancy influence on the weight gained by the pregnant, on the birthweight of the newborn, and on the health of the mother and the offspring (now and in the future). Metabolic programming, that determines weight control and the risk of suffering future diseases on the offspring, is conditioned by the nutritional status of the mother at the preconceptional stage and during pregnancy. Although during pregnancy there is a greater awareness about the importance of proper nutrition in women, perhaps the knowledge and the guidelines followed are not adequate. The objective of this thesis is to identify the conditions in which women face pregnancy and the status maintained through it, in regards of dietary habits and lifestyles, analyzing how they can influence on the weight gained by the pregnant woman according to their pre-pregnancy weight status, birthweight and the development of diseases in the offspring...
Pregnancy is the period in which the development of the embryo to the complete formation of the fetus takes place. During the second half of pregnaancy, nutritional needs of women are increased during this period in order to meet the demands of the growing fetus, which is of special nutritional interest. In addition, the first stages of the formation of the fetus are determined by the preconceptional period and the measures taken during the preparation of pregnancy. Diet and life habits during pregnancy influence on the weight gained by the pregnant, on the birthweight of the newborn, and on the health of the mother and the offspring (now and in the future). Metabolic programming, that determines weight control and the risk of suffering future diseases on the offspring, is conditioned by the nutritional status of the mother at the preconceptional stage and during pregnancy. Although during pregnancy there is a greater awareness about the importance of proper nutrition in women, perhaps the knowledge and the guidelines followed are not adequate. The objective of this thesis is to identify the conditions in which women face pregnancy and the status maintained through it, in regards of dietary habits and lifestyles, analyzing how they can influence on the weight gained by the pregnant woman according to their pre-pregnancy weight status, birthweight and the development of diseases in the offspring...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), leída el 15-06-2017