Publication: Caracterización geotécnica y geomecánica de la roca de falla de la falla activa de Alhama de Murcia
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2017
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Sociedad Geológica de España
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Abstract
En este trabajo se presenta el estudio de los parámetros mecánicos de la roca de falla (fault gouge) de la falla de Alhama de Murcia (FAM) próxima al bloque levantado. Esta falla es una de las más activas de la Península Ibérica y destaca por tener segmentos con un espesor de roca de falla (FG) exhumada de 50-80 m de espesor en régimen frágil. Su composición mineralógica se compone mayoritariamente por minerales del grupo de la mica (moscovita y paragonita) y cuarzo; en la fracción arcillosa predomina la illita acompañada por caolinita. Muestra una marcada fábrica tectónica caracterizada por la orientación preferente de los minerales laminares según una textura anastomosada que controla la resistencia mecánica de la falla. Para este estudio se han tomado muestras inalteradas procedentes de dos sondeos sobre los que se han realizado distintos ensayos de esfuerzo-deformación considerando diferentes orientaciones de los esfuerzos respecto a la fábrica. El ángulo de fricción (φ) varía desde valores mínimos (16ᵒ-26ᵒ) para los planos de rotura orientados favorablemente a la fábrica tectónica hasta valores máximos (>50ᵒ) para los planos orientados desfavorablemente. Estos elevados valores fueron obtenidos también en muestras remoldeadas de FG sin orientaciones preferentes.
We present the results of the mechanical parameters of natural clay rich fault-rock (fault gouge) from one of the most active faults in the Iberian Peninsula, Alhama de Murcia Fault (FAM). FAM shows segments partially formed by exhumed fine grained fault gouge (FG) with a 50-80 m thickness developed mainly in a brittle regime. It is composed mainly by mica (muscovite and paragonite) and quartz, the clay minerals are mainly illite with some caolinite. The FG shows a notable tectonic fabric characterized by the preferred orientation of plate-like minerals arranged in an anastomosing texture which controls the mechanical behavior of the fault. Undisturbed samples, taken from two fault observatory boreholes, have been used for laboratory tests. The result of the study shows that there is important variability in strength properties depending on the stress orientation in relation to fabric. The friction angle (φ) varies between very low values (16ᵒ-26ᵒ) for planes oriented favorably to the tectonic fabric to very high values (>50ᵒ) for planes unfavorably oriented. This high value of friction angle was also obtained in reconstructed and not oriented FG samples.
We present the results of the mechanical parameters of natural clay rich fault-rock (fault gouge) from one of the most active faults in the Iberian Peninsula, Alhama de Murcia Fault (FAM). FAM shows segments partially formed by exhumed fine grained fault gouge (FG) with a 50-80 m thickness developed mainly in a brittle regime. It is composed mainly by mica (muscovite and paragonite) and quartz, the clay minerals are mainly illite with some caolinite. The FG shows a notable tectonic fabric characterized by the preferred orientation of plate-like minerals arranged in an anastomosing texture which controls the mechanical behavior of the fault. Undisturbed samples, taken from two fault observatory boreholes, have been used for laboratory tests. The result of the study shows that there is important variability in strength properties depending on the stress orientation in relation to fabric. The friction angle (φ) varies between very low values (16ᵒ-26ᵒ) for planes oriented favorably to the tectonic fabric to very high values (>50ᵒ) for planes unfavorably oriented. This high value of friction angle was also obtained in reconstructed and not oriented FG samples.