Publication: Los ladrillos del recinto amurallado de Talamanca de Jarama,
Madrid: criterios para su diferenciación
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2007
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Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio
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Abstract
El recinto amurallado de Talamanca de Jarama tiene una larga historia llena de conflictos bélicos que lo han destruido en numerosas ocasiones. Por este motivo, la muralla ha sufrido numerosas etapas de reconstrucción y ampliación (s.IX, s.XIII, s.XIV y s.XVII), a las que hay que añadirle numerosas intervenciones de restauración en el último siglo (s.XX). Los ladrillos junto con los tapiales y las piedras son los principales materiales de construcción identificados. Los ladrillos estudiados por microscopía de luz polarizada (MO), difracción de rayos X (DRX), espectroscolorometría, ultrasonidos y porosimetria de intrusión de mercurio, han permitido diferenciar cinco tipos, pertenecientes a distintas épocas de fabricación. Son los ladrillos más antiguos (tipo I) y los más modernos (tipo V), los que más diferencias muestran entre sí. En general, los cinco tipos de ladrillos presentan eterogeneidades debidas a una fabricación deficiente y que son las responsables del proceso de deterioro que les afecta, aunque estos ladrillos hayan sido colocados recientemente, en la última intervención.
The walled complex of Talamanca de Jarama has a long history of wars that have destroyed it several times. Due to this fact, the Wall has gone through many reconstruction and enlargement processes (9th, 13th, 14th and 17th century), to which the restorations performed during the last century (20th) must be added. The main building materials are bricks together with rammed-earth and stones. The bricks studied under Polarizing Microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), spectrocolourimetry, ultrasounds and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), allowed us to distinguish five types, each of them belongs to different manufacturing periods. The oldest bricks (type I) and the most recent ones (type V), are those that differentiate the most. The five types of bricks show heterogeneities due to a deficient manufacture, which is responsible for their decay process, despite the fact that these bricks have been placed recently, during the last intervention.
The walled complex of Talamanca de Jarama has a long history of wars that have destroyed it several times. Due to this fact, the Wall has gone through many reconstruction and enlargement processes (9th, 13th, 14th and 17th century), to which the restorations performed during the last century (20th) must be added. The main building materials are bricks together with rammed-earth and stones. The bricks studied under Polarizing Microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), spectrocolourimetry, ultrasounds and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), allowed us to distinguish five types, each of them belongs to different manufacturing periods. The oldest bricks (type I) and the most recent ones (type V), are those that differentiate the most. The five types of bricks show heterogeneities due to a deficient manufacture, which is responsible for their decay process, despite the fact that these bricks have been placed recently, during the last intervention.