Publication: La oralidad y los recursos en el proceso civil español y ecuatoriano
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2018-06-06
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
A partir de la paradigmática reforma al proceso civil austrohúngaro implementada durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, el concepto “oralidad” se ha convertido en el protagonista de este tipo de reformas en Occidente. Bajo este único concepto se pretende expresar mucho más que un simple modo de comunicación; tal concepto ha de entenderse contentivo de una serie de principios, reglas y formas que poseen por objetivo el mejoramiento cualitativo y cuantitativo de la administración de justicia. Desde la perspectiva cualitativa, se busca que el proceso se encuentre organizado de tal manera que coadyuve a la labor del juez de comprensión profunda del caso puesto a su conocimiento, de forma que su juicio pueda ser lo más acertado posible. Desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, se pretende que el proceso posea un diseño que agilice el despacho y lo torne menos gravoso para las partes involucradas. En otras palabras, se busca que en la tramitación del proceso se observen los principios de inmediación, concentración y celeridad; principios estos que han sido mayoritariamente considerados por las legislaciones y la doctrina como los informadores de una adecuada tarea de juzgamiento, desde la perspectiva procedimental. Esto se explica ya que un diálogo directo entre el juzgador y las partes, sus argumentos y pruebas, posibilita un entendimiento más cabal del caso. Este entendimiento se facilita y sobre todo concreta, aproximando temporalmente, la realización de las distintas fases del procedimiento y arribando a una resolución del caso cercana a ellas. Garantía de lo anterior es que el proceso se encuentre diseñado con plazos razonables y que tales plazos sean observados de la manera más rigurosa posible en la práctica. Para la consecución de estos postulados resulta imprescindible que los distintos elementos que conforman el proceso se encuentren puestos a su servicio y en plena sintonía con ellos. En este punto, el elemento del proceso que adquiere un papel fundamental es la forma de comunicación de los actos procesales por la que se opte. Ciertamente la comunicación oral posee características que viabilizan una relación inmediata entre los distintos sujetos procesales, la realización concentrada de las diferentes etapas del procedimiento y un debate expedito...
From the paradigmatic reform of the Austro-Hungarian civil process implemented during the second half of the nineteenth century, the concept of “orality” has become the main character of this type of reforms in the Western Hemisphere. Under this single concept, it is intended to express much more than a simple mode of communication. This concept must be understood as a series of principles, rules and forms with the sole purpose of a qualitative and quantitative improvement of the administration of justice. From the qualitative perspective, it is sought that the process must be organized in such a way that it contributes to the judgés deep understanding of the case brought upon him, so that his judgment can be as accurate as possible. From a quantitative perspective, the process is intended to have a design that expedites the process and makes it less burdensome for the parties involved. In other words, it is sought that throughout the process the principles of immediacy, concentration and celerity are observed, principles that have been largely considered by legislations and doctrine as bearers of an adequate judging, from a procedural perspective. This is explained since a direct dialogue between the judge and the parties, their arguments and evidence, allows a more complete understanding of the case. This understanding is facilitated and is possible by joining, in a timely manner, the different phases of the procedure, and therefore, arriving to a resolution. Guarantee of the previous statement is that the process is designed with reasonable deadlines and that, in practice, such deadlines are to be met in the most rigorous way possible. For the achievement of these postulates it is imperative that the different elements that make up the process are placed at your service and in full harmony with them. At this point, the element of the process that acquires a fundamental role is the chosen form of communication of the procedural. Certainly, oral communication has characteristics that make possible an immediate relationship between the different procedural subjects, the realization of the different stages of the procedure and an expedited debate...
From the paradigmatic reform of the Austro-Hungarian civil process implemented during the second half of the nineteenth century, the concept of “orality” has become the main character of this type of reforms in the Western Hemisphere. Under this single concept, it is intended to express much more than a simple mode of communication. This concept must be understood as a series of principles, rules and forms with the sole purpose of a qualitative and quantitative improvement of the administration of justice. From the qualitative perspective, it is sought that the process must be organized in such a way that it contributes to the judgés deep understanding of the case brought upon him, so that his judgment can be as accurate as possible. From a quantitative perspective, the process is intended to have a design that expedites the process and makes it less burdensome for the parties involved. In other words, it is sought that throughout the process the principles of immediacy, concentration and celerity are observed, principles that have been largely considered by legislations and doctrine as bearers of an adequate judging, from a procedural perspective. This is explained since a direct dialogue between the judge and the parties, their arguments and evidence, allows a more complete understanding of the case. This understanding is facilitated and is possible by joining, in a timely manner, the different phases of the procedure, and therefore, arriving to a resolution. Guarantee of the previous statement is that the process is designed with reasonable deadlines and that, in practice, such deadlines are to be met in the most rigorous way possible. For the achievement of these postulates it is imperative that the different elements that make up the process are placed at your service and in full harmony with them. At this point, the element of the process that acquires a fundamental role is the chosen form of communication of the procedural. Certainly, oral communication has characteristics that make possible an immediate relationship between the different procedural subjects, the realization of the different stages of the procedure and an expedited debate...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Procesal, leída el 22-06-2017