Publication: Burschenschaften y Mädchenschaften, las hermandades académicas chileno-alemanas entre 1896 y 2006: ¿actores políticos transnacionales?
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2018-06-27
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Las Burschenschaften son hermandades académicas nacional-alemanas, cuyo apogeo se dió entre la constitución del Imperio Alemán en 1871 y la emergencia del fascismo en Alemania, durante la década de 1920. Las Mädchenschaften son su contraparte femenina que emergió con la admisión de las mujeres en las universidades en torno a 1900. Con la emigración germana hacia América del Sur durante el siglo XIX este modelo de corporación también se extendió a los países destinatarios, en particular, a Brasil y Chile. No obstante, era en Chile donde esta forma de organización social perduraba hasta la actualidad desde la fundación de la primera hermandad masculina en 1896; donde a partir de los años 1960 emergen Mädchenschaften y donde surgen procesos de intercambio y transferencia institucionalizados con las hermandades en Alemania y Austria. En Chile hay actualmente cinco Burschenschaften, la Araucania (fundada 1896, Santiago), Montania (fundada 1924, Concepción), Andinia (fundada 1926, Santiago), Ripuaria (fundada 1949, Valparaíso), Vulkania (fundada 1962, Valdivia) y tres Mädchenschaften, la Erika Michaelsen (fundada 1969, Santiago), Amankay (fundada 1991, Valdivia) y Viktoria (fundada 1994, Concepción). Los miembros se componen por estudiantes (Aktivitas) y graduados, los llamados socios pasivos (Alte Herren/Hohe Damen), que financian sustancialmente la vida en comunidad de los estudiantes y las actividades de la hermandad. Las cinco hermandades masculinas en Chile se unieron en la Federación de Burschenschaften chilenas (Bund Chilenischer Burschenschaften (BCB)) y desde 2004 existe la Federación de Mädchenschaften chilenas (Bund Chilenischer Mädchenschaften (BCM)). El BCB mantiene, desde 1959 un convenio de amistad y trabajo con la Federación de hermandades académicas nacional-alemanas en Alemania (Deutsche Burschenschaft (DB)), a la que también pertenecen hermandades en Austria, y que incluye entre otras cosas un programa de intercambio anual...
Burschenschaften are academic German-national fraternities that had its apogee between the constitution of the German Empire in 1871 and the emergence of fascism in Germany, during the decade of 1920. Mädchenschaften are their female opposing party that emerged with the admission of women to university around 1900. With German emigration to South America in the 19th century this form of association also spread to host countries, especially Brazil and Chile. Nevertheless, it was in Chile were this form of organization lasted from the foundation of the first masculine fraternity in 1896 onwards until the present day. And it was in Chile where from 1960 onwards emerged Mädchenschaften and where processes of exchange and institutional transfer with fraternities in Germany and Austria were made up. In Chile there are nowadays five Burschenschaften, Araucania (founded in 1896, Santiago), Montania (founded in 1924, Concepción); Andinia (founded in 1926, Santiago), Ripuaria (founded in 1949, Valparaíso), Vulkania (founded in 1962, Valdivia) and three Mädchenschaften, Erika Michaelsen (founded in 1969, Santiago), Amankay (founded in 1991, Valdivia) and Viktoria (founded in 1994, Concepción. Members are made up by students (Aktivitas) and graduates, the so called passive members (Alte Herren/Hohe Damen), that finance substantially the students’ community life. The five masculine fraternities have united in the Federation of Chilean Burschenschaften (Bund Chilenischer Burschenschaften (BCB)) and the females did the same in 2004 with the foundation of the Federation of Chilean Mädchenschaften (Bund Chilenischer Mädchenschaften (BCM)). The BCB maintains since 1959 an agreement of friendship and understanding with the Federation of academic German-national fraternities in Germany (Deutsche Burschenschaft (DB)), where also Austrian fraternities are federated in...
Burschenschaften are academic German-national fraternities that had its apogee between the constitution of the German Empire in 1871 and the emergence of fascism in Germany, during the decade of 1920. Mädchenschaften are their female opposing party that emerged with the admission of women to university around 1900. With German emigration to South America in the 19th century this form of association also spread to host countries, especially Brazil and Chile. Nevertheless, it was in Chile were this form of organization lasted from the foundation of the first masculine fraternity in 1896 onwards until the present day. And it was in Chile where from 1960 onwards emerged Mädchenschaften and where processes of exchange and institutional transfer with fraternities in Germany and Austria were made up. In Chile there are nowadays five Burschenschaften, Araucania (founded in 1896, Santiago), Montania (founded in 1924, Concepción); Andinia (founded in 1926, Santiago), Ripuaria (founded in 1949, Valparaíso), Vulkania (founded in 1962, Valdivia) and three Mädchenschaften, Erika Michaelsen (founded in 1969, Santiago), Amankay (founded in 1991, Valdivia) and Viktoria (founded in 1994, Concepción. Members are made up by students (Aktivitas) and graduates, the so called passive members (Alte Herren/Hohe Damen), that finance substantially the students’ community life. The five masculine fraternities have united in the Federation of Chilean Burschenschaften (Bund Chilenischer Burschenschaften (BCB)) and the females did the same in 2004 with the foundation of the Federation of Chilean Mädchenschaften (Bund Chilenischer Mädchenschaften (BCM)). The BCB maintains since 1959 an agreement of friendship and understanding with the Federation of academic German-national fraternities in Germany (Deutsche Burschenschaft (DB)), where also Austrian fraternities are federated in...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 26/05/2017