Publication: Herramienta de apoyo a la navegación web para personas con discapacidad
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2018
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Abstract
En la actualidad, cada vez más personas acceden a internet diariamente por diversos motivos. Sin embargo, no todos los usuarios poseen las mismas capacidades para navegar a través de internet. En el caso de los colectivos que presentan discapacidad o avanzada edad, entre otros, es habitual que encuentren diversas barreras que les dificultan el acceso, encontrándose con problemas para leer, escribir o entender textos a la hora de navegar por internet. Por ello, surge la necesidad de adaptar la web a estos colectivos, haciéndola accesible para todo tipo de usuarios. Una página web es accesible cuando sus contenidos están disponibles para todo tipo de usuario, permitiendo así interactuar de forma total e independiente con la página web. Existen determinadas pautas para hacer la web más accesible, por ejemplo, escoger un tipo de letra clara y de tamaño grande para facilitar la lectura del texto a personas con dificultad lectora, sin embargo, estas pautas no se cumplen en la mayoría de los casos.
Como proyecto de n de grado se ha realizado el análisis, diseño e implementación de una herramienta de apoyo a la navegación web para colectivos de personas que presentan algún tipo de dificultad a la hora de comprender el lenguaje escrito. En todo el desarrollo del proyecto se ha llevado a cabo una aproximación centrada en el usuario final, con la colaboración del colegio Estudio 3 AFANIAS. Considerando las características de los usuarios que pueden tener problemas a la hora de leer o interpretar un texto, este proyecto se ha desarrollado con el n de facilitar a dichos usuarios la navegación en internet, facilitándoles de manera sencilla un conjunto de herramientas que les ayuden a comprender los textos cuando estén navegando.
La aplicación, ReadIt, es una extensión desarrollada en Google Chrome, ya que es uno de los navegadores web más utilizados por la mayoría de los usuarios. A través del uso de servicios externos, permite a los usuarios comprender mejor el texto al que se enfrentan, por ejemplo, pudiendo buscar las distintas acepciones de una palabra que no entienden o mostrando un resumen del texto que proporciona la página web.
Para finalizar el proyecto, hemos probado nuestra aplicación con diez alumnos y profesionales del colegio Estudio 3 AFANIAS, obteniendo resultados realmente positivos y optimistas. Comprobamos la importancia que presenta nuestro proyecto, pudiendo observar de primera mano cómo las capacidades de comprensión lectora varían de una persona a otra. En el colegio Estudio 3 AFANIAS descubrimos que nuestra aplicación, ReadIt, no solo facilita la comprensión de los textos que ofrece internet, sino que también impulsa y anima a los usuarios a mejorar en su aprendizaje e independencia.
Currently, more and more people access the Internet daily for various reasons. However, not all users have the same abilities to navigate through the Internet. In the case of groups with disabilities and advanced age, among others, a barrier of difficulty to access this platform arises, encountering problems for reading, writing or understanding text when browsing through the Internet. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt the web to these groups, making it accessible to all users. A web page is accessible when its contents are available for all types of users, allowing total and independent interaction with the web page. There are certain guidelines to make the web more accessible. For example, choosing a clear font and large size to make the text easier to read for people with reading difficulties. However, this guidelines are not fulfilled in the most web pages. In this write, the analysis, design and implementation of a web browsing support tool for groups of people with written language understanding difficulties has been carried out, with a focus on end users thanks to the collaboration with the Estudio 3 Afanias school. Considering the characteristics of users who may have problems when reading or interpreting a text, this project has been developed in order to facilitate these users browsing Internet, providing them with a simple set of tools to help them understand the texts they encounter in web pages. The application, called ReadIt, is an extension developed for Google Chrome, since it is currently one of the most used web browsers. Through the use of external services, ReadIt allows users to better understand the text they are trying to read. For example, it allows them to search for different meanings of a word they do not understand or display a summary of the text the web page provides. To complete the project, ReadIt was tested with ten students and professionals from the Estudio 3 AFANIAS school, obtaining really positive and optimistic feedback. The importance of the project was then instantly apparent, being able to observe first-handedly how it assisted people with different reading comprehension skills. At Estudio 3 AFANIAS we discovered that ReadIt not only makes it easier for the users to understand the texts offered by the Internet, but also promotes and encourages them to improve their learning and independence.
Currently, more and more people access the Internet daily for various reasons. However, not all users have the same abilities to navigate through the Internet. In the case of groups with disabilities and advanced age, among others, a barrier of difficulty to access this platform arises, encountering problems for reading, writing or understanding text when browsing through the Internet. Therefore, it is necessary to adapt the web to these groups, making it accessible to all users. A web page is accessible when its contents are available for all types of users, allowing total and independent interaction with the web page. There are certain guidelines to make the web more accessible. For example, choosing a clear font and large size to make the text easier to read for people with reading difficulties. However, this guidelines are not fulfilled in the most web pages. In this write, the analysis, design and implementation of a web browsing support tool for groups of people with written language understanding difficulties has been carried out, with a focus on end users thanks to the collaboration with the Estudio 3 Afanias school. Considering the characteristics of users who may have problems when reading or interpreting a text, this project has been developed in order to facilitate these users browsing Internet, providing them with a simple set of tools to help them understand the texts they encounter in web pages. The application, called ReadIt, is an extension developed for Google Chrome, since it is currently one of the most used web browsers. Through the use of external services, ReadIt allows users to better understand the text they are trying to read. For example, it allows them to search for different meanings of a word they do not understand or display a summary of the text the web page provides. To complete the project, ReadIt was tested with ten students and professionals from the Estudio 3 AFANIAS school, obtaining really positive and optimistic feedback. The importance of the project was then instantly apparent, being able to observe first-handedly how it assisted people with different reading comprehension skills. At Estudio 3 AFANIAS we discovered that ReadIt not only makes it easier for the users to understand the texts offered by the Internet, but also promotes and encourages them to improve their learning and independence.
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Universidad Complutense, Facultad de Informática, curso 2017/2018