Publication: Diseño y síntesis de moléculas pequeñas para fotovoltaica
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2018-08-31
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Introducción El actual régimen energético, que se basa en fuentes de energía contaminantes no renovables, es insostenible desde los puntos de vista social, económico, geopolítico y ambiental. La única fuente totalmente renovable capaz de satisfacer la enorme y siempre creciente demanda energética del mundo es la energía solar. Las tecnologías fotovoltaicas, que convierten directamente la luz solar en electricidad, representan uno de los candidatos más prometedores para satisfacer esta demanda. Objetivos Capítulo 1: Desarrollo de moléculas pequeñas para células solares orgánicas. Capítulo 2: Desarrollo de moléculas pequeñas como materiales transportadores de huecos para células solares de perovskita. Resultados y discusión Capítulo 1. Moléculas pequeñas para células solares orgánicas i) Moléculas pequeñas A−D−A basadas en BDT-BTD Se han diseñado y sintetizado moléculas electroactivas que presentan una arquitectura de tipo A-D-A, la cual se emplea en algunos de los mejores fragmentos electrón dadores y aceptores encontrados en la literatura, concretamente, benzoditiofeno (BDT, como dador) y benzotiadiazol (BTD, como aceptor). Puentes tiofeno de longitud creciente han sido insertados entre los grupos aceptor y dador (Figura R1a), para mejorar la absorción y las propiedades de agregación. El estudio óptico, electroquímico y computacional ha revelado la naturaleza electroactiva de los compuestos y su habilidad para formar capas finas altamente ordenadas. Los dispositivos fotovoltaicos fabricados emplearon una mezcla de estos materiales con distintos derivados de fullereno como dador y aceptor, respectivamente, mostrando un comportamiento fotovoltaico pobre. El material con el mejor comportamiento (31) presentó una eficiencia de conversión energética (PCE) del 0.72% (Figura R1b)...
Introduction The current energetic regime, which relies on non-renewable polluting energy sources, is unsustainable from societal, economical, geopolitical, and environmental points of view. The only fully renewable source able to meet world’s huge and always growing energy demand is solar energy. Photovoltaic technologies, directly converting sunlight into electricity, represent one of the most promising candidates to meet this demand. Objectives Chapter 1: Development of new small molecules for organic solar cells (OSC). Chapter 2: Development of new small molecules as hole transporting materials (HTM) for perovskite solar cells. Results and Discussion Chapter 1. Small molecules for organic solar cells i) A−D−A Small molecules based on BDT-BTD Electroactive molecules featuring A−D−A architecture that employ some of the best performing electron donor and acceptor fragments found in the literature, namely benzodithiophene (BDT, as donor) and benzothiadiazole (BTD, as acceptor) have been designed and synthesized. Thiophene bridges of increasing length have been inserted in between A and D moieties (Figure S1a) in order to improve the absorption and aggregation properties. Optical, electrochemical and computational studies have revealed their electroactive nature and their ability to form well-ordered crystalline thin films. Photovoltaic devices employing these materials as donors in blends with fullerene derivatives showed poor performances, with best performing material (31) providing 0.72% PCE (Figure S1b)...
Introduction The current energetic regime, which relies on non-renewable polluting energy sources, is unsustainable from societal, economical, geopolitical, and environmental points of view. The only fully renewable source able to meet world’s huge and always growing energy demand is solar energy. Photovoltaic technologies, directly converting sunlight into electricity, represent one of the most promising candidates to meet this demand. Objectives Chapter 1: Development of new small molecules for organic solar cells (OSC). Chapter 2: Development of new small molecules as hole transporting materials (HTM) for perovskite solar cells. Results and Discussion Chapter 1. Small molecules for organic solar cells i) A−D−A Small molecules based on BDT-BTD Electroactive molecules featuring A−D−A architecture that employ some of the best performing electron donor and acceptor fragments found in the literature, namely benzodithiophene (BDT, as donor) and benzothiadiazole (BTD, as acceptor) have been designed and synthesized. Thiophene bridges of increasing length have been inserted in between A and D moieties (Figure S1a) in order to improve the absorption and aggregation properties. Optical, electrochemical and computational studies have revealed their electroactive nature and their ability to form well-ordered crystalline thin films. Photovoltaic devices employing these materials as donors in blends with fullerene derivatives showed poor performances, with best performing material (31) providing 0.72% PCE (Figure S1b)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica I, leída el 19-06-2017