Publication: Evaluación de la purga genética en poblaciones de censo reducido
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2018-09-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La depresión consanguínea puede ser decisiva para la extinción de poblaciones de censopequeño. Sin embargo, la consanguinidad también incrementa la selección contra losdeletéreos responsables de dicha depresión. A este incremento de la selección se ledenomina purga genética. Sus consecuencias pueden analizarse utilizando el modelo IP(García-Dorado 2012), que permite predecir la reducción del lastre de consanguinidad yde la depresión consanguínea atribuibles a la purga a través de un coeficiente deconsanguinidad purgado (g) que depende del coeficiente de purga (d).Hasta la fecha se ha publicado una única estima de d para la purga en condiciones nocompetitivas, obtenida en un experimento con Drosophila (Bersabé & García-Dorado2013). Sin embargo, existen evidencias de que d puede ser mayor en las condiciones máscompetitivas de las poblaciones silvestres que en cautividad. Además, es necesarioestimar d en las propias poblaciones amenazadas de interés, donde no es posible el diseñoexperimental pero a menudo se dispone de medidas de la eficacia individual y registrosgenealógicos...
Inbreeding depression can be an important factor determining the extinction of smallsized populations. However, inbreeding also prompts selection against deleterious allelesresponsible of inbreeding depression. This increase in selection is referred to as geneticpurging. Its consequences can by analyzed by using the IP model (García-Dorado 2012),that allows to predict the reduction of both the inbreeding load and the inbreedingdepression due to purging by using a purged inbreeding coefficient (g) which depends onthe purging coefficient (d).So far, only one estimate of d has been published in noncompetitive conditions, obtainedin an experiment carried out with Drosophila (Bersabé & García-Dorado 2013). However,evidence suggests that d could be higher in the more competitive conditions of wildpopulations than in captive ones. Furthermore, it is necessary to estimate d in threatenedpopulations, where the experimental approach is not possible but individual measures offitness and pedigree records are often available...
Inbreeding depression can be an important factor determining the extinction of smallsized populations. However, inbreeding also prompts selection against deleterious allelesresponsible of inbreeding depression. This increase in selection is referred to as geneticpurging. Its consequences can by analyzed by using the IP model (García-Dorado 2012),that allows to predict the reduction of both the inbreeding load and the inbreedingdepression due to purging by using a purged inbreeding coefficient (g) which depends onthe purging coefficient (d).So far, only one estimate of d has been published in noncompetitive conditions, obtainedin an experiment carried out with Drosophila (Bersabé & García-Dorado 2013). However,evidence suggests that d could be higher in the more competitive conditions of wildpopulations than in captive ones. Furthermore, it is necessary to estimate d in threatenedpopulations, where the experimental approach is not possible but individual measures offitness and pedigree records are often available...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Genética, leída el 11-05-2017