Publication: Participación ciudadana y políticas de urbanismo en grandes ciudades
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2018-10-08
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este estudio de la participación ciudadana se ha realizado un extenso énfasis en analizar los efectos de las diferentes herramientas de participación en el rendimiento institucional. La investigación, también analiza, a partir de un enfoque comparado de estudios de caso, el impacto que tiene la acumulación de capital social de una comunidad o barrio para la capacidad organizativa de los ciudadanos y para la participación no electoral de la sociedad civil en proyectos de urbanismo. Para ese propósito, la investigación prioriza el estudio del comportamiento socio-cultural de los ciudadanos pero también su interacción con las instituciones y con el contexto urbanístico de las ciudades de Londres, Madrid y Berlín. En este trabajo es central el estudio de los patrones o hábitos asociativos de los ciudadanos, las relaciones de confianza institucional y vecinal y las normas de reciprocidad que definen el concepto de capital social. Se pretende demostrar que las reservas de capital social de una comunidad puede impactar de manera positiva la participación no electoral de los ciudadanos, teniendo en cuenta que a partir de las relaciones sociales que establecen los ciudadanos en asociaciones cívicas, se crean características importantes para la participación como relaciones de confianza y normas de reciprocidad que promueven un comportamiento cooperativo de los ciudadanos y un interés especial en causas de carácter colectivo. Estas cualidades pueden formar más rápidamente comunidades cívicas, sensibles a los asuntos públicos y por tanto comunidades más propensas a la participación no electoral en asuntos de urbanismo. No obstante hay que tener en cuenta otros elementos contextuales que promueven o restringen la participación de los ciudadanos, y que varían de un contexto a otro. Los objetivos principales de esta investigación son encontrar, a partir de la investigación de campo, los hechos para evaluar la relación causal entre acumulación de capital social y participación, aportar en el modelo de análisis comparativo elementos adicionales que sean útiles para entender la formación de capital social y los hábitos de participación ciudadana, y crear conocimiento adicional relativo al estudio comparado de procesos participativos en proyectos urbanísticos en Europa, que otorgue herramientas adicionales a los decisores para adaptar los procesos de participación al contexto local e impactar en un rendimiento más democrático en la implementación de proyectos de urbanismo...
In this study of citizen participation extensive emphasis has been accomplished by studying the effects of the different tools of participation in institutional performance. This PhD research aims to analyze – from a comparative case study approach – the impact that a community accumulation of social capital has for the organizational capacity of citizens and for the nonelectoral participation of civil society in urban planning projects. For this purpose, the research not only prioritizes the study of socio-cultural behavior of citizens but as well their interaction with institutions and within the urbanistic contexts of London, Madrid and Berlin. Central to this research is the study of patterns or associative habits of citizens, the social and institutional relations of trust, and the norms of reciprocity that define the concept of social capital. This study will demonstrate that the reserves of social capital of a community can positively impact the nonelectoral participation of citizens, considering that from social relations – established by citizens through civic associations – important values are created for participation. Such as relationships of trust or norms of reciprocity that promote cooperative behavior of citizens and special interest in collective causes. These qualities can quickly gather to form civic communities, sensitive to public affairs and therefore much more prone to nonelectoral participation in planning issues. However we must take into account further contextual variables, which vary from one context to another, that foster or restrict citizen’s participation. The main objectives of this study are to find, starting from field research, evidence to assess the causal relationship between accumulation of social capital and participation. Provide the comparative analysis model with additional elements that are useful for understanding the formation of social capital and participation habits. Create additional relative knowledge for the comparative study of participatory processes on urban projects in Europe – which give additional tools to decision makers for adapting these processes of participation to local contexts – and that can impact a higher democratic performance for the implementation of urbanism projects...
In this study of citizen participation extensive emphasis has been accomplished by studying the effects of the different tools of participation in institutional performance. This PhD research aims to analyze – from a comparative case study approach – the impact that a community accumulation of social capital has for the organizational capacity of citizens and for the nonelectoral participation of civil society in urban planning projects. For this purpose, the research not only prioritizes the study of socio-cultural behavior of citizens but as well their interaction with institutions and within the urbanistic contexts of London, Madrid and Berlin. Central to this research is the study of patterns or associative habits of citizens, the social and institutional relations of trust, and the norms of reciprocity that define the concept of social capital. This study will demonstrate that the reserves of social capital of a community can positively impact the nonelectoral participation of citizens, considering that from social relations – established by citizens through civic associations – important values are created for participation. Such as relationships of trust or norms of reciprocity that promote cooperative behavior of citizens and special interest in collective causes. These qualities can quickly gather to form civic communities, sensitive to public affairs and therefore much more prone to nonelectoral participation in planning issues. However we must take into account further contextual variables, which vary from one context to another, that foster or restrict citizen’s participation. The main objectives of this study are to find, starting from field research, evidence to assess the causal relationship between accumulation of social capital and participation. Provide the comparative analysis model with additional elements that are useful for understanding the formation of social capital and participation habits. Create additional relative knowledge for the comparative study of participatory processes on urban projects in Europe – which give additional tools to decision makers for adapting these processes of participation to local contexts – and that can impact a higher democratic performance for the implementation of urbanism projects...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 04/07/2017