Publication: Protección y conservación ante catástrofes del patrimonio cultural de la Comunidad de Madrid
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2018-10-19
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La presente tesis doctoral titulada “Protección y conservación ante catástrofes en el patrimonio cultural de la Comunidad de Madrid” se enmarca dentro de la conservación preventiva y la gestión de riesgos, cuya finalidad es la de preservar y minimizar los daños en los bienes culturales madrileños en caso de cualquier episodio catastrófico, ya se trate de un incendio, inundación, sismo, erupción volcánica, enfrentamientos armados, terrorismo, vandalismo, robos, acciones propias de la naturaleza, eventos atmosféricos y geológicos extremos o provocados por el ser humano, tanto accidentales, negligentes o provocados. En primer lugar, se debe definir y revisar qué se entiende por patrimonio cultural, actor protagonista del presente estudio y sobre el que recae la protección ante catástrofes, considerado éste como toda seña de identidad de una civilización o conjunto de ellas y que se hereda de una generación a otra, de ahí la importancia en su conservación. conservación, ha ido adquiriendo mayor protagonismo con el paso del tiempo abarcando nuevos objetos, conjuntos, formas, costumbres, manifestaciones materiales e inmateriales así como paisajes diversos producidos o asimilados por las diferentes civilizaciones que conforman el mundo. Dicha riqueza cultural debe ser protegida y se deben crear herramientas para ello, así como preparar y organizar las ciudades y sus gobiernos para una respuesta eficaz, rápida, coordinada y minimizando los daños patrimoniales en caso de catástrofe. Basta observar los últimos acontecimientos acaecidos en el mundo, como la destrucción de bibliotecas y museos durante laguerra de Irak y Siria o los atentados de Palmira y Tombuctú, entre otros, para poner en marcha mecanismos que frenen la destrucción del patrimonio cultural. Así mismo, aunque ya existen numerosas guías y manuales para la protección y gestión de riesgos y emergencias en museos y colecciones, sobre todo en el mundo anglosajón, son escasas las herramientas existentes para proteger el patrimonio inmueble e inmaterial, por ejemplo, orientado al salvamento de yacimientos arqueológicos y paleontológicos, monumentos, conjuntos, paisajes y parajes naturales, ya que los contextos y condicionantes son muy distintos a lo experimentado en contextos museísticos...
The present doctoral thesis entitled "protection and conservation against disasters of the cultural heritage of the community of Madrid" is framed within the preventive conservation and management of risks fields, whose purpose is it to preserve and minimize damage to the cultural heritage of Madrid in case of any catastrophic event: fire, flood, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wars, terrorism, vandalism, theft, actions of nature, extreme atmospheric and geological events or caused by human beings provoked accidentally or negligently. In the first place, it is necessary to define and revise what is meant by cultural heritage, the protagonist ofthe present study, and on which falls the protection against catastrophes considered as any signof identity of a civilization which is inherited from one generation to another, hence theimportance of its conservation. Secondly, the fact that cultural heritage, its protection and conservation, has become more important over time, encompassing new objects, sets, forms, customs, material and immaterial manifestations as well as diverse landscapes produced or assimilated by the different civilizations that make up the world. This cultural richness must be protected and tools must be protected and tools must be created for this purpose. It is also needed the preparation and organization of cities and their governments for an effective, rapidand coordinated response to minimize damage to cultural property in the event of a disaster. If we look at the latest developments in the world, such as the destruction of libraries and museums during the war in Iraq and Syria or the bombings in Palmira and Timbuktu, among others, we recognize the need to start mechanisms to stop the destruction of cultural heritage. Also, although there are already many guides and manuals for the protection and management of risks and emergencies in museums and collections, especially in the Anglo-Saxon world,there are few existing tools to protect the tangible and intangible heritage, for example, inarchaeological and paleontological sites, monuments, collections, landscapes and natural sites, since the contexts and conditions are very different from what is experienced in a museum context...
The present doctoral thesis entitled "protection and conservation against disasters of the cultural heritage of the community of Madrid" is framed within the preventive conservation and management of risks fields, whose purpose is it to preserve and minimize damage to the cultural heritage of Madrid in case of any catastrophic event: fire, flood, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, wars, terrorism, vandalism, theft, actions of nature, extreme atmospheric and geological events or caused by human beings provoked accidentally or negligently. In the first place, it is necessary to define and revise what is meant by cultural heritage, the protagonist ofthe present study, and on which falls the protection against catastrophes considered as any signof identity of a civilization which is inherited from one generation to another, hence theimportance of its conservation. Secondly, the fact that cultural heritage, its protection and conservation, has become more important over time, encompassing new objects, sets, forms, customs, material and immaterial manifestations as well as diverse landscapes produced or assimilated by the different civilizations that make up the world. This cultural richness must be protected and tools must be protected and tools must be created for this purpose. It is also needed the preparation and organization of cities and their governments for an effective, rapidand coordinated response to minimize damage to cultural property in the event of a disaster. If we look at the latest developments in the world, such as the destruction of libraries and museums during the war in Iraq and Syria or the bombings in Palmira and Timbuktu, among others, we recognize the need to start mechanisms to stop the destruction of cultural heritage. Also, although there are already many guides and manuals for the protection and management of risks and emergencies in museums and collections, especially in the Anglo-Saxon world,there are few existing tools to protect the tangible and intangible heritage, for example, inarchaeological and paleontological sites, monuments, collections, landscapes and natural sites, since the contexts and conditions are very different from what is experienced in a museum context...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Bellas Artes, leída el 5 de julio de 2017; presidente, Margarita San Andrés Moya.