Publication: Los príncipes de la Acacia: registros de la nobleza titulada en las logias masónicas durante los siglos XVIII y XIX
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2018-11-08
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Carecíamos de un estudio de conjunto sobre la influencia de la alta nobleza en la masonería moderna o especulativa fundada en Londres en 1717 y expandida por toda Europa en pocos años. La presencia de nobles en las logias fue tan abrumadora y decisiva que a ellos se debe la creación de los llamados altos grados masónicos y buena parte de los usos y normas de la masonería actual. Fue un notable hallazgo el que en 1717 una asociación civil asumiera como finalidad la mera reunión fraternal de personas de toda religión, raza o clase social y que, convencidos de la existencia de Dios, acordaran debatir sobre todo tipo de asuntos relacionados con el mundo del pensamiento, el arte, la filosofía, en fin, la cultura, con prohibición expresa de tratar asuntos políticos o religiosos. Entonces ¿por qué fue prohibida en numerosos Estados y fue condenada por diversas confesiones religiosas? ¿Acaso por su juramento de secreto o por conspirar con la oculta finalidad de imponer una República Universal al servicio de la franc-masonería? Objetivos: Lo cierto es que, durante los siglos XVIII y XIX, fueron masones numerosos monarcasde Europa y buena parte de la nobleza titulada que ocupaba los más altos cargos políticos. Igualmente, eran masones cientos de sacerdotes católicos, muchos de ellos cardenales y obispos. Entonces ¿cómo imaginar que tales monarcas, como jefes de Estado de sus respectivos territorios, pudieran participar en una revolución que buscaba destronarles? ¿Qué sentido tendría que los obispos masones se prevalieran de su posición en la diócesis para conspirar contra la Iglesia, es decir contra sí mismos? De la mano de la alta nobleza integrada en las logias masónicas se estudian diversos acontecimientos históricos que fundamentan el denominado discurso antimasónico de la conspiración contra el Trono y el Altar. La decisiva influencia de la alta nobleza en la dirección y cuadros directivos de las principales Obediencias masónicas europeas proporciona nuevos elementos de juicio sobre acontecimientos decisivos de la historia moderna como, por ejemplo, la influencia de las logias en el desarrollo de la Ilustración, en la Revolución francesa, la expansión del liberalismo, la unidad de Italia, diferentes revoluciones y golpes de Estado en Polonia, Rusia, Portugal, España, etc., atribuidos, sin más, a la masonería...
There was a lack of an overall study on the high nobility influence in modern or speculative Freemasonry founded in London in 1717 and expanded throughout Europe in a few years. The presence of nobles in the lodges was so overwhelming and decisive that they were able to create the socalled high Masonic degrees and much of the uses and norms of present day Freemasonry. It was a great find that in 1717 a secular association would have for a goal the mere broterly meeting of people of all creeds, races and social status who, being firm believers in the existence of God, should agree to debate all sort of points related to thought, art, philosophy, etc; in short, cultural topics, with an explicit ban on political or religious debate. If so, why was it forbidden in many States, and why was it condemned by various churches? Could it be due to their oath of silence, or because they conspired with the hidden aim of installing a Universal Republic? Objectives: The fact is that in the 18th and 19th centuries many European monarchs and members of the titled nobility who held the highest political posts were freemasons, as well as hundreds of Roman Catholic priests, among them many cardinals and bishops. How can we think, then, that such monarchs, as Heads of State of their territories, could take part in a revolution that aimed to overthrow them? Would it make sense that masonic bishops would take advantage of their influence in their diocese to conspire against the Church, that is, against themselves? Alongside the high nobility integrated in the masonic lodges, we study various historical events that are based on the socalled antiMasonic discourse of the conspiracy against the Throne and the Altar. The decisive influence of the high nobility on the leadership and management of the major European Masonic Obedience provides new insights into decisive events in modern history, such as the influence of lodges on the development of the Enlightenment, French Revolution, the expansion of liberalism, the unification of Italy, different revolutions and coups in Poland, Russia, Portugal, Spain, etc., attributed, without further ado, to Freemasonry...
There was a lack of an overall study on the high nobility influence in modern or speculative Freemasonry founded in London in 1717 and expanded throughout Europe in a few years. The presence of nobles in the lodges was so overwhelming and decisive that they were able to create the socalled high Masonic degrees and much of the uses and norms of present day Freemasonry. It was a great find that in 1717 a secular association would have for a goal the mere broterly meeting of people of all creeds, races and social status who, being firm believers in the existence of God, should agree to debate all sort of points related to thought, art, philosophy, etc; in short, cultural topics, with an explicit ban on political or religious debate. If so, why was it forbidden in many States, and why was it condemned by various churches? Could it be due to their oath of silence, or because they conspired with the hidden aim of installing a Universal Republic? Objectives: The fact is that in the 18th and 19th centuries many European monarchs and members of the titled nobility who held the highest political posts were freemasons, as well as hundreds of Roman Catholic priests, among them many cardinals and bishops. How can we think, then, that such monarchs, as Heads of State of their territories, could take part in a revolution that aimed to overthrow them? Would it make sense that masonic bishops would take advantage of their influence in their diocese to conspire against the Church, that is, against themselves? Alongside the high nobility integrated in the masonic lodges, we study various historical events that are based on the socalled antiMasonic discourse of the conspiracy against the Throne and the Altar. The decisive influence of the high nobility on the leadership and management of the major European Masonic Obedience provides new insights into decisive events in modern history, such as the influence of lodges on the development of the Enlightenment, French Revolution, the expansion of liberalism, the unification of Italy, different revolutions and coups in Poland, Russia, Portugal, Spain, etc., attributed, without further ado, to Freemasonry...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Documentación, leída el 19/01/2018