Publication: Estrategias narrativas de los documentales históricos españoles sobre la Guerra Civil (2000-2014)
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2019-01-11
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El debate sobre la posibilidad de presentar la Historia en formato audiovisual lleva varios años vigente. Aquí se plantea, en concreto, las posibilidades que ofrece el formato de no ficción en la narración histórica. Es cierto que los documentales poseen una gran credibilidad entre el público general. Los espectadores consideran que lo que se cuenta se basa en hechos y no en invenciones. Hoy en día, a esta consideración se une la de la gran creatividad que se permite, y de hecho se da, en la realización de los mismos. Pero es necesario ir más allá de las meras convenciones del género con el fin de averiguar qué recursos posee el documental y cómo los utiliza para presentar la Historia.Para ello esta investigación analiza 36 largometrajes documentales producidos en España sobre la Guerra Civil en el siglo XXI, en concreto entre 2000 y 2014. Se parte dela hipótesis de que sí es posible contar la Historia por medio de las imágenes. Aunque la creatividad es una característica básica de estas producciones, existen una serie de elementos comunes que definen el género y que permiten, a su vez, realizar una destacada labor de divulgación histórica de calidad.Síntesis.Los documentales se estudian como narraciones construidas y por ello se entiende que es determinante analizar la forma en la que se cuenta cada documental. Es lo que se ha llamado la estrategia narrativa. Para ello se realiza un desglose por secuencias de cada documental. Complemento de este estudio es la especial importancia que se ha dado a las maneras de empezar, generar un planteamiento, y acabar, las conclusiones de un documental...
The debate on the possibility of presenting History in an audio-visual format has been around for years now. Here, we will raise the possibilities that the non-fiction format provides to the historical narrative. Indeed, documentaries are considered highly credible by the public. Audiences tend to think documentaries are based on facts, rather than on fictional resources. These days, this consideration joins the great creativity that lies within, and that exist in, the realization of documentaries. But we must go beyond the conventions of the genre to find out which resources would be available for the documentary and how these would be used to speak about History. For that, this study analyses 36 documentaries produced in Spain on the Spanish Civil War in the 21st Century, and more particularly between the years 2000 and 2014.The starting hypothesis would be that History could be told through images. Although creativity is the core feature of these productions, there is a series of common elements that ultimately define the genre and, at the same time, enable a quality historical disclosure. Synthesis. Since documentaries are studied as constructed narrations, it seems vital to analyse how each documentary is told – this is what it has been commonly called“narrative strategy”. To this effect, sequences of each documentary are broken down. Accessory to this study is the special importance that have been traditionally given to the different ways conclusions are started, presented and closed in documentaries...
The debate on the possibility of presenting History in an audio-visual format has been around for years now. Here, we will raise the possibilities that the non-fiction format provides to the historical narrative. Indeed, documentaries are considered highly credible by the public. Audiences tend to think documentaries are based on facts, rather than on fictional resources. These days, this consideration joins the great creativity that lies within, and that exist in, the realization of documentaries. But we must go beyond the conventions of the genre to find out which resources would be available for the documentary and how these would be used to speak about History. For that, this study analyses 36 documentaries produced in Spain on the Spanish Civil War in the 21st Century, and more particularly between the years 2000 and 2014.The starting hypothesis would be that History could be told through images. Although creativity is the core feature of these productions, there is a series of common elements that ultimately define the genre and, at the same time, enable a quality historical disclosure. Synthesis. Since documentaries are studied as constructed narrations, it seems vital to analyse how each documentary is told – this is what it has been commonly called“narrative strategy”. To this effect, sequences of each documentary are broken down. Accessory to this study is the special importance that have been traditionally given to the different ways conclusions are started, presented and closed in documentaries...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, leída el 17-09-2018