Publication: Familiares de personas desaparecidas forzadamente en Colombia: un aporte etnográfico al estudio crítico de la justicia transicional
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2019-01-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Según cifras oficiales en la actualidad existen más de cien mil casos de personas desaparecidas forzadamente en Colombia. Los familiares de víctimas de desaparición forzada constituyen uno de los mayores colectivos de víctimas a consecuencia del conflicto armado, protagonistas de una larga historia de lucha y reivindicación desde los años 80 del siglo XX. En la última década la lucha de los familiares y sus organizaciones ha confrontado un sistema políticojurídico ordinario y transicional. En un contexto de proceso de paz incipiente, los mecanismos sociales, políticos y jurídicos transicionales desarrollados deberán responder por el reconocimiento y la restitución delos derechos de las familias de las personas desaparecidas.Esta investigación analiza la experiencia de las familias/víctimas de desaparición forzada en los procesos de búsqueda por sus familiares, así como sus representaciones de reparación, sobre la base de una etnografía con organizaciones de familiares de víctimas de desaparición forzada en Colombia entre 2010 y 2013. Para ello se centra en los procesos de búsqueda y la práctica política de las organizaciones como contextos etnográficos en los que aprehender empíricamente las relaciones de poder subyacentes a los modelos transicionales. El objetivo general ha sido dar cuenta de las dinámicas generales del proceso de búsqueda como proceso de sufrimiento social y padecimiento subjetivo, en el que los familiares de personas desaparecidas confrontan violencias y fricciones amplias, para conocer y explicar las representaciones de los familiares de personas desaparecidas respecto de los conceptos normativos de reparación, en términos de los contenidos simbólicos y semánticos relevantes desde el análisis de un proceso de vernacularización de derechos, prestando especial interés a las prácticas autónomas de reparación...
Nowadays, there are more than one hundred thousand enforcedly disappeared persons in Colombia, according to official numbers. Relatives of disappeared persons configure one of the most important victims collectives which have emerged in the context of Colombia's decades long armed conflict. They have been playing a key role in a historical struggle against the Colombian state and its institutions in the search for truth, justice and reparation since the 1980's. During the last decade, this struggle has confronted both ordinary and transitional juridical and political frameworks. In the context of an emerging peace process, social, political and juridical transitional mechanisms shall recognize and restore the rights of relatives of disappeared persons.This research analyzes the families/victims' experience in the searching processes for their disappeared relatives, as well as their representations and preferences regarding reparation, on the basis of an ethnography with victims organizations in Colombia between 2010 and 2013. To that purpose, we focus on the searching processes and the organizations' political practice as the ethnographic contexts in which to give an empirical approach to power relationships within transitional frameworks. The general aim of this thesis is to describe the searching processes as a social and subjective suffering process, in which relatives of enforcedly disappeared persons confront deep frictions and violences, in order to explain their representations regarding reparation normative concepts, in terms of symbolic and semantic relevant meanings in a process of vernacularization of rights, focusing particularly in autonomous reparation practices...
Nowadays, there are more than one hundred thousand enforcedly disappeared persons in Colombia, according to official numbers. Relatives of disappeared persons configure one of the most important victims collectives which have emerged in the context of Colombia's decades long armed conflict. They have been playing a key role in a historical struggle against the Colombian state and its institutions in the search for truth, justice and reparation since the 1980's. During the last decade, this struggle has confronted both ordinary and transitional juridical and political frameworks. In the context of an emerging peace process, social, political and juridical transitional mechanisms shall recognize and restore the rights of relatives of disappeared persons.This research analyzes the families/victims' experience in the searching processes for their disappeared relatives, as well as their representations and preferences regarding reparation, on the basis of an ethnography with victims organizations in Colombia between 2010 and 2013. To that purpose, we focus on the searching processes and the organizations' political practice as the ethnographic contexts in which to give an empirical approach to power relationships within transitional frameworks. The general aim of this thesis is to describe the searching processes as a social and subjective suffering process, in which relatives of enforcedly disappeared persons confront deep frictions and violences, in order to explain their representations regarding reparation normative concepts, in terms of symbolic and semantic relevant meanings in a process of vernacularization of rights, focusing particularly in autonomous reparation practices...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Antropología Social, leída el 15-06-2018