Publication: El debate sobre la idea de progreso a partir de Kant y Arendt
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2019-02-06
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En este trabajo, abordamos la idea de progreso y el debate que ha suscitado desde que surge en la Ilustración. A pesar de que ha sido duramente cuestionada por el Holocausto, la idea de progreso sigue vigente a principios del siglo XXI y configura la concepción contemporánea de la política y de la economía en un mundo en el que se mantiene la hegemonía de Estados Unidos, eso sí, ahora amenazada por el desarrollo de los llamados países emergentes.Para analizar la idea de progreso, partimos de Kant y de Hannah Arendt, ya que fue un tema de gran importancia en el pensamiento de ambos, al que llegan a partir de sus respectivas teorías del Juicio. A pesar de la influencia que Kant ejerció en Arendt, sobre todo en lo que respecta al Juicio, Arendt refuta la teoría kantiana sobre el progreso. Estudiamos la interpretación arendtiana del Juicio de Kant, para desentrañar a continuación sus respectivas teorías sobre el progreso, que ponemos en perspectiva con un recorrido por la historia del concepto y por su presencia en el debate público en la actualidad. Esta investigación finaliza con el análisis de Kant como representante de la Ilustración y de Arendt como pensadora política en el siglo del Holocausto. El diálogo entre estas dos tradiciones sigue hoy presente, mientras los ilustrados debaten con posmodernos y defensores de movimientos populistas...
In this work we approach the idea of Progress and the debate that it has created since it arised in the Enlightenment. Although it has been harshly questioned by the Holocaust, the idea of Progress is still in force at the beginning of the 21st century and shapes the contemporary conception of politics and economy in a world in which the United States keeps the hegemony yet it is now threatened by the development of the so-called emerging markets.To analyze the idea of Progress, we start with Kant and Hannah Arendt, since it was a topic of great importance in the thinking of both, which they come from their respective theories of Judgement. Despite the influence that Kant exercised in Arendt, especially in regard to the Judgement, Arendt refutes the Kantian theory of Progress. We start with the Arendt interpretation of Kant's Judgement, to unravel their respective theories about Progress, which we put into perspective with a tour of the history of the concept and its presence in the public debate today. This research ends with the analysis of Kant as a representative of the Enlightenment and Arendt as a political thinker in the century of the Holocaust. The dialogue between these two traditions is still present today, while the enlightened debate with postmodernists and advocates of populist movements...
In this work we approach the idea of Progress and the debate that it has created since it arised in the Enlightenment. Although it has been harshly questioned by the Holocaust, the idea of Progress is still in force at the beginning of the 21st century and shapes the contemporary conception of politics and economy in a world in which the United States keeps the hegemony yet it is now threatened by the development of the so-called emerging markets.To analyze the idea of Progress, we start with Kant and Hannah Arendt, since it was a topic of great importance in the thinking of both, which they come from their respective theories of Judgement. Despite the influence that Kant exercised in Arendt, especially in regard to the Judgement, Arendt refutes the Kantian theory of Progress. We start with the Arendt interpretation of Kant's Judgement, to unravel their respective theories about Progress, which we put into perspective with a tour of the history of the concept and its presence in the public debate today. This research ends with the analysis of Kant as a representative of the Enlightenment and Arendt as a political thinker in the century of the Holocaust. The dialogue between these two traditions is still present today, while the enlightened debate with postmodernists and advocates of populist movements...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía, leída el 26-06-2018