Publication: Papel del receptor de hidrocarburos aromáticos en el envejecimiento cerebral
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2019-02-18
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El envejecimiento es el proceso biológico que se da en la etapa final de la vida de un organismo, caracterizado por una pérdida de la integridad fisiológica que conduce a un declive funcional, (López-Otín et al. 2013). Aunque los cambios moleculares y celulares que acompañan al envejecimiento afectan en mayor o menor medida a todos los órganos, existen estructuras especialmente vulnerables.Este el caso del SNC que presenta cambios tanto anatómicos como celulares que finalmente conllevan a un deterioro cognitivo y/o motor. Como consecuencia del incremento en la esperanza de vida en las últimas décadas, se impone la necesidad de hallar estrategias que permitan retrasar el declive fisiológico asociado al envejecimiento, así como de reducir el desarrollo de patologías asociadas a la edad. En este sentido, los principales esfuerzos se centran en profundizar en procesos intrínsecos, a nivel celular y molecular que se encuentran alterados a lo largo del envejecimiento. Uno de estos procesos, es el denominado “Inflammaging”(Salminen et al. 2012) un estado pro-inflamatorio de bajo grado que se caracteriza por un aumento de los niveles de los mediadores inflamatorios y que en último término, puede tener consecuencias deletéreas. El inflammaging es un proceso generalizado y que, por lo tanto, afecta a todo el organismo, incluido el SNC. Se ha demostrado que esta inflamación se asocia al envejecimiento cognitivo y a una mayor propensión a padecer enfermedades neurodegenerativas, como la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) (Maragakis and Rothstein 2006)...
Aging is the biological process that occurs in the final stage of the life of an organism, characterized by a loss of physiological integrity that leads to a functional decline (López-Otín et al. 2013). Although the age-associated molecular and cellular changes affect every organ to a greater or lesser extent, there are especially vulnerable structures. This is the case of the CNS, that presents both anatomical and cellular changes that eventually lead to a cognitive and/or motor impairment. As a result of life expectancy in recent decades, there is a need to find strategies that allow delaying the physiological decline associated with aging, as well as reducing the development of pathologies associated with age. In this sense, the main efforts focus on look into intrinsic processes at the cellular and molecular level that are altered throughout aging. One of these processes is the so-called "inflammaging" (Salminen et al. 2012), a chronic low grade inflammatory state characterized by an increase in the cytokines levels, which may ultimately have deleterious consequences. The “inflammaging” is a generalized process and, therefore, affects the whole organism, including the CNS. It has been shown that this inflammation is associated with cognitive aging and a higher susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease(AD) (Maragakis and Rothstein 2006)...
Aging is the biological process that occurs in the final stage of the life of an organism, characterized by a loss of physiological integrity that leads to a functional decline (López-Otín et al. 2013). Although the age-associated molecular and cellular changes affect every organ to a greater or lesser extent, there are especially vulnerable structures. This is the case of the CNS, that presents both anatomical and cellular changes that eventually lead to a cognitive and/or motor impairment. As a result of life expectancy in recent decades, there is a need to find strategies that allow delaying the physiological decline associated with aging, as well as reducing the development of pathologies associated with age. In this sense, the main efforts focus on look into intrinsic processes at the cellular and molecular level that are altered throughout aging. One of these processes is the so-called "inflammaging" (Salminen et al. 2012), a chronic low grade inflammatory state characterized by an increase in the cytokines levels, which may ultimately have deleterious consequences. The “inflammaging” is a generalized process and, therefore, affects the whole organism, including the CNS. It has been shown that this inflammation is associated with cognitive aging and a higher susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease(AD) (Maragakis and Rothstein 2006)...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, leída el 13/12/2018