Publication: La política de drogas en España y Países Bajos: un análisis comparado desde la perspectiva neoinstitucionalista
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2019-02-25
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Esta investigación cualitativa tiene como objetivo explicar a qué se deben las diferencias entre las políticas de drogas de dos casos, uno típico, España, y otro único, Países Bajos. He utilizado el método comparativo con estos dos estudios de caso con la finalidad de indagar en los determinantes políticos que han llevado, por un lado, a España a implementar una política pública similar a la de otros países, y por el otro, a Países Bajos a elaborar una política de drogas con elementos únicos y diferentes al resto de naciones. Esto no quiere decir que los dos casos de estudio sean completamente disimilares: ambos poseen características comunes en sus respectivas políticas y forman parte de un mismo marco supranacional, como es la Unión Europea.Las políticas de drogas actuales, en la mayoría de los países, tienen su origen en un proceso político a nivel internacional que comenzó a principios del siglo XX. Este ha evolucionado a lo largo de las décadas hacia un modelo basado en la prohibición punitiva de conductas relacionadas con ciertos consumos de determinadas sustancias. El actual marco internacional en materia de drogas, construido a partir de los años 60 del pasado siglo, es de obligado cumplimiento por parte de los Estados con base en el Derecho internacional. Todos los países que se adhieren a los convenios internacionales de fiscalización de drogas deben cumplir sus disposiciones y adaptarlas a sus propios marcos legislativos nacionales. En este punto se centra el análisis político de la investigación, señalando a las instituciones y actores políticos que han participado en el proceso político y han contribuido a que el resultado de la toma de decisiones sea distinto ante un mismo marco de referencia. Este está estructurado según unas disposiciones que son más concretas y rígidas que en otro tipo de tratados internacionales...
The aim of this qualitative research is to explain the factors which cause the differences between drug policies in two cases, one typical, Spain, and other unique, Netherlands. I have applied the comparative method with these two case studies with the purpose to investigate which policy determinants have caused, on one hand, Spain to implement a public policy similar to other countries, and on the other, Netherlands to make a drug policy with unique elements and different to the other nations. These cases under study are not completely dissimilar: both countries have common features and are part of the same supranational framework, the European Union.The current drug policies, in most of the countries, have their origin in a policy process on an international level at the beginning of the 20th century. This framework has evolved over time to a punitive prohibition model about particular behaviours related to the use of certain drugs. The current international framework on drugs, formed in the ‘60s of the last century, is binding on the States based on international law. All countries participating in the international drug control conventions must comply with its provisions and adapt them to their national legislative framework. The main focus of the policy analysis in this research, is to identify the political institutions and actors that have participated in the policy process and have contributed so as the decision-making outcome to be different although under the same reference framework. This one is structured by more specific and rigid provisions than other kind of international treaties...
The aim of this qualitative research is to explain the factors which cause the differences between drug policies in two cases, one typical, Spain, and other unique, Netherlands. I have applied the comparative method with these two case studies with the purpose to investigate which policy determinants have caused, on one hand, Spain to implement a public policy similar to other countries, and on the other, Netherlands to make a drug policy with unique elements and different to the other nations. These cases under study are not completely dissimilar: both countries have common features and are part of the same supranational framework, the European Union.The current drug policies, in most of the countries, have their origin in a policy process on an international level at the beginning of the 20th century. This framework has evolved over time to a punitive prohibition model about particular behaviours related to the use of certain drugs. The current international framework on drugs, formed in the ‘60s of the last century, is binding on the States based on international law. All countries participating in the international drug control conventions must comply with its provisions and adapt them to their national legislative framework. The main focus of the policy analysis in this research, is to identify the political institutions and actors that have participated in the policy process and have contributed so as the decision-making outcome to be different although under the same reference framework. This one is structured by more specific and rigid provisions than other kind of international treaties...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Sociología I (Cambio Social), leída el 05/10/2018