Publication: Estudios previos y propuesta de Conservación y Restauración:Monumento funerario “Panteón de Hombres Ilustres” del Cementerio Sacramental de San Isidro de Madrid
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2019-02-15
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Abstract
El presente Trabajo Fin de Grado aborda el estudio y la propuesta de conservación y restauración
del Panteón de Hombres Ilustres del Cementerio Sacramental de San Isidro de Madrid, construido
en piedra caliza y mármol inserto en un zócalo ajardinado, conformado por cuatro sepulcros
dispuestos perpendicularmente y gran ornamentación escultórica.
Aquí permanecen enterrados el escritor Fernando Leandro de Moratín, el poeta Meléndez Valdés,
el político Donoso Cortés, el militar Diego de León y el músico Francisco Barbieri junto su esposa
y, también estuvo el artista Francisco de Goya y Lucientes antes de ser trasladado a la Ermita de
San Antonio de la Florida, dejando su cenotafio vacío. Fue mandado erigir por el Estado en 1884
y, en su construcción participaron personajes tan importantes como el escultor Ricardo Bellver y
Ramón o el arquitecto Ricardo Velázquez Bosco.
El estado de conservación actual del monumento funerario es consecuencia principal de su
ubicación a la intemperie, encontrando una importante pátina biológica y ennegrecimiento.
Además, la caliza manifiesta una importante descohesión y desprendimientos generalizados y,
más acusados en la parte inferior que corresponde al sepulcro de Moratín. En consecuencia la
propuesta de intervención se fundamentará en el diagnóstico de lesiones del monumento, el
análisis de su entorno, los criterios de intervención dictados por la legislación estatal y autonómica
y los criterios específicos para materiales pétreos.
Finalmente, se incluirá un protocolo de actuación con unas medidas de conservación preventiva
y una propuesta de revalorización del monumento funerario y del Cementerio de San Isidro en su
conjunto.
The following Final Project is a study and proposal of conservation and restoration of the Panteon de Hombres Ilustres of San Isidro Sacramental Cemetery of Madrid, built in limestone and marble inserted in a landscaped plinth, formed by four sepulchres arranged perpendicularly and large sculptural ornamentation. Here the writer Fernando Leandro de Moratín, the poet Meléndez Valdés, the politician Donoso Cortés, the military Diego de León and the musician Francisco Barbieri, along with his wife, remain buried. Also was the artist Francisco de Goya y Lucientes before being transferred to the Hermitage of San Antonio de la Florida, leaving his cenotaph empty. It was ordered to be erected by the State in 1884 and, in its construction, important figures such as the sculptor Ricardo Bellver and Ramón or the architect Ricardo Velázquez Bosco participated. The current state of conservation of the monument is the main consequence of its outdoors location, finding an important biological patina and dirtiness. In addition, the limestone shows generalized detachments, seriously affecting the lower part that corresponds to the Moratín tomb. Consequently, the intervention proposal will be based on the diagnosis of the monument's injuries, the analysis of its surroundings, the intervention criteria dictated by the state and autonomic legislation and the specific criteria for stone materials. Finally, a protocol will be included with preventive conservation measures and a proposal for revaluation of the funerary monument and the San Isidro Cemetery as a whole.
The following Final Project is a study and proposal of conservation and restoration of the Panteon de Hombres Ilustres of San Isidro Sacramental Cemetery of Madrid, built in limestone and marble inserted in a landscaped plinth, formed by four sepulchres arranged perpendicularly and large sculptural ornamentation. Here the writer Fernando Leandro de Moratín, the poet Meléndez Valdés, the politician Donoso Cortés, the military Diego de León and the musician Francisco Barbieri, along with his wife, remain buried. Also was the artist Francisco de Goya y Lucientes before being transferred to the Hermitage of San Antonio de la Florida, leaving his cenotaph empty. It was ordered to be erected by the State in 1884 and, in its construction, important figures such as the sculptor Ricardo Bellver and Ramón or the architect Ricardo Velázquez Bosco participated. The current state of conservation of the monument is the main consequence of its outdoors location, finding an important biological patina and dirtiness. In addition, the limestone shows generalized detachments, seriously affecting the lower part that corresponds to the Moratín tomb. Consequently, the intervention proposal will be based on the diagnosis of the monument's injuries, the analysis of its surroundings, the intervention criteria dictated by the state and autonomic legislation and the specific criteria for stone materials. Finally, a protocol will be included with preventive conservation measures and a proposal for revaluation of the funerary monument and the San Isidro Cemetery as a whole.