Publication: La construcción de identidad cultural de los migrantes mexicanos en los Estados Unidos a partir de comunidades virtuales
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2019-04-11
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los movimientos migratorios han aumentado, de forma significativa, durante los últimos años. Una de las consecuencias de este incremento ha sido la aparición de sociedades cada vez más multiculturales, en las que coexisten comunidades de migrantes pertenecientes a culturas muy diversas con un grado de integración, conflicto y convivencia desigual. De forma paralela, el desarrollo de nuevos canales y medios de comunicación virtuales ha permitido a esos colectivos mantener los lazos con sus comunidades de origen, a través de una presencia meramente virtual.Este nuevo escenario, inevitablemente, provoca consecuencias en su proceso de conformación identitaria, así como en la integración en las sociedades de acogida, y en la generación de capital social. Partiendo de este contexto, en el presente trabajo investigaré un caso concreto: de qué forma están siendo utilizadas las TIC por la comunidad de migrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos y cuáles son sus consecuencias en procesos como su cohesión grupal, la conformación identitaria o su integración en la sociedad estadounidense.A través del análisis de las dinámicas e interacciones de varias comunidades virtuales creadas por y para mexicanos en Estados Unidos, así como la realización de cuestionarios, grupos de discusión y entrevistas cualitativas a migrantes de esta nacionalidad residentes en las ciudades de Nueva York y Los Ángeles, pretendo clarificar las dinámicas específicas de funcionamiento de estos espacios y el empleo que hacen de ellos sus usuarios, en función de variables como cultura e identidad. Del mismo modo, esta tesis profundiza en la comparación entre medios étnicos tradicionales y TIC, tanto en los hábitos de consumo, como en la satisfacción de necesidades identitarias entre los colectivos migrantes.
Migratory movements have increased significantly over the last few years and one of the consequences of this increasement is the emergence of increasingly multicultural societies in which communities of migrants that belong to cultures very diverse coexist with an unequal degree of integration, conflict and coexistence. In parallel, the development of new virtual channels and social media has allowed those communities to maintain ties of their home communities.This new scenario inevitably causes consequences in its process of integration, and in the construction of social capital, understood this last term as the set of interactions that the individuals carry out both with members of their own community. Culturally as with those belonging to other communities with which they share the host society. Based on this context in this article we’ll evaluate a specific case: How ICTs are being used by the Mexican community of migrants in the United States and what their consequences are for the construction of social capital and integration in that society. For this I will use the analysis of the dynamics and interactions of a specific virtual community as is the case of the Facebook´s group "Mexicans in New York city" as well as questionnaires and qualitative interviews to Mexicans living in the cities of New York and Los Angeles.Through the analysis of the dynamics and interactions of several virtual communities created by and for Mexicans in the United States, as well as the completion of questionnaires, discussion groups and qualitative interviews to migrants of this nationality residing in the cities of New York and Los Angeles, I intend to clarify the specific dynamics of the functioning of these spaces and the use that their users make of them based on variables such as culture and identity. In the same way this work tries to deepen in the comparison between traditional ethnic media and TIC as much in the habits of consumption as in the satisfaction of identity needs between the migrants.
Migratory movements have increased significantly over the last few years and one of the consequences of this increasement is the emergence of increasingly multicultural societies in which communities of migrants that belong to cultures very diverse coexist with an unequal degree of integration, conflict and coexistence. In parallel, the development of new virtual channels and social media has allowed those communities to maintain ties of their home communities.This new scenario inevitably causes consequences in its process of integration, and in the construction of social capital, understood this last term as the set of interactions that the individuals carry out both with members of their own community. Culturally as with those belonging to other communities with which they share the host society. Based on this context in this article we’ll evaluate a specific case: How ICTs are being used by the Mexican community of migrants in the United States and what their consequences are for the construction of social capital and integration in that society. For this I will use the analysis of the dynamics and interactions of a specific virtual community as is the case of the Facebook´s group "Mexicans in New York city" as well as questionnaires and qualitative interviews to Mexicans living in the cities of New York and Los Angeles.Through the analysis of the dynamics and interactions of several virtual communities created by and for Mexicans in the United States, as well as the completion of questionnaires, discussion groups and qualitative interviews to migrants of this nationality residing in the cities of New York and Los Angeles, I intend to clarify the specific dynamics of the functioning of these spaces and the use that their users make of them based on variables such as culture and identity. In the same way this work tries to deepen in the comparison between traditional ethnic media and TIC as much in the habits of consumption as in the satisfaction of identity needs between the migrants.
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, leída el 14-12-2018