Publication: Uso de cisplatino y derivados de platino en quimioterapia
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2017-02
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Abstract
La molécula inorgánica (cis-diamminodicloruroplatino (II), cis-[PtCl2(NH)3]), conocida por el nombre de cisplatino, tiene gran importancia en clínica por su uso como agente antitumoral. Se sintetizó en 1845, pero no fue hasta alrededor de los 70 cuando fue aprobado, para su uso en el tratamiento de diferentes neoplasias así como tumores sólidos. El cisplatino se emplea en diferentes tipos de cáncer como es el cáncer de ovario, cáncer de pulmón microcítico y no microcítico, cáncer de cabeza y cuello, cáncer de vejiga entre otros. A pesar de todas sus aplicaciones, el cisplatino presenta dos grandes desventajas: Por un lado, la acción tóxica ejercida sobre el riñón, responsable de la nefrotoxicidad dependiente de dosis en los pacientes tratados con cisplatino en los primeros ciclos. Y en segundo lugar, la aparición de resistencias al tratamiento. Por ello, se empezaron a desarrollar nuevos fármacos derivados de platino, dos se encuentran comercializados mundialmente, mientras que la mayoría se encuentra aún en estudios clínicos, cuyo objetivo recae en disminuir o anular la acción tóxica sobre el riñón y evitar la aparición de resistencias al tratamiento.
The inorganic molecule (cis-diamminedichlorureplatinum (II), cis-[PtCl2(NH)3]),) also known as cisplatin has a great clinic relevance because of his use as an antitumor. It was synthesized in 1845 but or wasn´t until 70s that was authorized for its use on the treatments of neoplasms and solid tumors. Cisplatin is used as a cytotoxic for many different kinds of cancer such as lung cancer or bladder cancer among others. Despite of its many uses, cisplatin has two main disadvantages: The First one it´s the toxic action that cisplatin cause to the kidney. And the second one is that the patients became resistance after time. For that reason, the research for some derivate of the platinum started. Currently there are two of them that are used worldwide but the rest are mostly under investigation. The main goal of the research is to find one free of the toxic and resistance action that cisplatin causes.
The inorganic molecule (cis-diamminedichlorureplatinum (II), cis-[PtCl2(NH)3]),) also known as cisplatin has a great clinic relevance because of his use as an antitumor. It was synthesized in 1845 but or wasn´t until 70s that was authorized for its use on the treatments of neoplasms and solid tumors. Cisplatin is used as a cytotoxic for many different kinds of cancer such as lung cancer or bladder cancer among others. Despite of its many uses, cisplatin has two main disadvantages: The First one it´s the toxic action that cisplatin cause to the kidney. And the second one is that the patients became resistance after time. For that reason, the research for some derivate of the platinum started. Currently there are two of them that are used worldwide but the rest are mostly under investigation. The main goal of the research is to find one free of the toxic and resistance action that cisplatin causes.