Publication: Proceso constituyente, constitución política de 1991 y régimen político electofáctico en Colombia
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2019-05-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La presente tesis aborda el análisis del proceso constituyente vivido en Colombia entre 1989 y 1991, con el propósito de esclarecer el carácter del mismo y precisar hasta qué punto afectó el régimen político colombiano. Trata de dilucidar si entonces se produjo un cambio de régimen político, un cambio en el régimen político o, por el contrario, fue la iniciación de un proceso de transición política democrática que aún no culmina. Un complejo proceso que ha derivado en el surgimiento y la consolidación de un nuevo régimen político sincrético que, por sus dimensiones y características principales, como son la fusión de las elecciones con la violencia, se denominará con el neologismo de electofáctico. Tal indagación, se asume desde una perspectiva teórica amplia y ecléctica, que se encuentra planteada en la Introducción, pues dada la complejidad de dicha coyuntura crítica, su comprensión demandará un abordaje múltiple e integrador. Desde la filosofía y su pregunta por el sentido de la política: Arendt (1993, 1997, 2005); Badiou (2007); Panikkar (2005); Schmitt (2005); el surgimiento de las instituciones políticas: Castoriadis (2002); Flores (2006); pasando por los principales enfoques sobre su funcionamiento y dinámica: Douglas (1996); Peters (2003); McAdam, Tarrow y Tilly (2005) y una pléyade de autores que dan cuenta del nuevo institucionalismo y sus énfasis histórico, sociológico, contextual, discursivo e informal, entre los más destacados: North (2007, 2009); Nholen (2006); Helmke y Levitsky (2003), Vivien Schmidt (2008); Thelen y Steinmo (1992), como por la literatura básica sobre la dependencia de la trayectoria: Collier y Collier (1991), culminando con los procesos de transición política en América Latina O’Donnell (1997); Lynn Karl y Urquidi (1991); Di Palma (1988)...
This thesis analyses the Constituent Assembly process which took place in Colombia between 1989 and 1991, with the purpose of clarifying its nature and specifying to what extent it affected the Colombian political system. It explores whether there was a change of political system, a change in the political system or, conversely, whether it was the beginning of a political-democratic transition process that has not yet run its course – a complex process derived from the emergence and consolidation of a new syncretic political system which, due to its main dimensions and characteristics, such as the fusion of democratic elections and political violence, will be referred to as a “electofáctico” regime.The analysis is framed in a theoretically broad and eclectic way, which is delineated in the Introduction. The complexity of the critical political period to be studied requires a theoretically diverse and holistic approach. From a philosophical perspective, which interrogates the meaning of politics, the thesis draws on Arendt (1993, 1997, 2005), Badiou (2007), Panikkar (2005), and Schmitt (2005). In relation to the emergence of political institutions it draws on Castoriadis (2002) and Flores (2006), as well as on the main theoretical perspectives in relation to their function and dynamics – Douglas (1996), Peters (2003), McAdam, Tarrow and Tilly (2005), along with an array of authors who focus on neo-institutionalism and its historical, sociological, contextual, discursive and informal dimensions, amongst which stand out North (2007, 2009), Nholen (2006), Helmke and Levitsky (2003), Vivien Schmidt (2008), and Thelen and Steinmo (1992). The thesis also draws on the foundational literature on path dependence and critical junctures, such as Collier and Collier (1991), as well as on the literature on processes of political change and transition in Latin America by the likes of O’Donnell (1997), Lynn Karl and Urquidi (1991), and Di Palma (1988)...
This thesis analyses the Constituent Assembly process which took place in Colombia between 1989 and 1991, with the purpose of clarifying its nature and specifying to what extent it affected the Colombian political system. It explores whether there was a change of political system, a change in the political system or, conversely, whether it was the beginning of a political-democratic transition process that has not yet run its course – a complex process derived from the emergence and consolidation of a new syncretic political system which, due to its main dimensions and characteristics, such as the fusion of democratic elections and political violence, will be referred to as a “electofáctico” regime.The analysis is framed in a theoretically broad and eclectic way, which is delineated in the Introduction. The complexity of the critical political period to be studied requires a theoretically diverse and holistic approach. From a philosophical perspective, which interrogates the meaning of politics, the thesis draws on Arendt (1993, 1997, 2005), Badiou (2007), Panikkar (2005), and Schmitt (2005). In relation to the emergence of political institutions it draws on Castoriadis (2002) and Flores (2006), as well as on the main theoretical perspectives in relation to their function and dynamics – Douglas (1996), Peters (2003), McAdam, Tarrow and Tilly (2005), along with an array of authors who focus on neo-institutionalism and its historical, sociological, contextual, discursive and informal dimensions, amongst which stand out North (2007, 2009), Nholen (2006), Helmke and Levitsky (2003), Vivien Schmidt (2008), and Thelen and Steinmo (1992). The thesis also draws on the foundational literature on path dependence and critical junctures, such as Collier and Collier (1991), as well as on the literature on processes of political change and transition in Latin America by the likes of O’Donnell (1997), Lynn Karl and Urquidi (1991), and Di Palma (1988)...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 17/12/2018