Publication: La memoria contada: el conflicto interno en la literatura colombiana del siglo XXI (2000-2015)
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2019-07-26
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En Colombia la literatura llegó a ser durante todo el Conflicto Interno uno de los medios más seguros para relatar con detalle acontecimientos polémicos y sucesos violentos, y para hablar abiertamente sobre las experiencias de injusticia constantes. Esto le confirió a la literatura una responsabilidad de documentación histórica que por una parte devino en una fuerte limitante estético, y por otra, impuso a los escritores un compromiso con la denuncia de la crudeza de las realidades y de la imposibilidad del diálogo general. No es una casualidad que el Conflicto haya sido una temática permanente en la literatura colombiana paralela a la represión de la guerra en el país. Ni tampoco que la estructura lineal y las técnicas realistas se hayan mantenido durante tanto tiempo. La intención de registro al abordar la temática y el tono desesperanzado son dos elementos que van a caracterizar una gran cantidad de obras en el siglo XX en Colombia. Sin embargo, el cambio al siglo XXI y el inicio de un Proceso de paz que posibilita espacios para el diálogo, privilegia el rol de los recuerdos de las víctimas e impulsa en la cultura y en la academia la noción de memoria social y la resistencia al olvido, coindice con la publicación de novelas con mayor nivel de experimentación que se acercan a estos presupuestos retomando la historia y el pasado nacional, cuestionándolo y aparejándolo con una reflexión subjetiva de la guerra y de facetas del Conflicto que habían quedado en la sombra en las historias oficiales, los discursos mediáticos del país y la misma tradición literaria nacional durante las décadas anteriores...
In Colombia, during the Intern Conflict literature became one of the safest forms to describe in detail polemic circumstances and episodes of violence, as to talk openly about the experience of the constant social injustice. This fact granted literature a historical responsibility of documentation which derived, in one hand into an aesthetic limit and in the other, into a writers’ commitment with the disclosure of delicate realities and with the impossibility of a general dialogue about them. It’s not a coincidence that the Conflict had been a permanent theme in the Colombian literature during the war’s repression. Neither that a lineal structure and a realistic tone had remained for so long. The will of documenting when tackling the subject and the hopeless tenor, will be both elements that will characterize a considerable number of novels and tales in the XX century. However, the change to a new century and the beginning of the Peace process -which among other things makes possible spaces for the dialogue about the war, favors the role of victims’ memories and promotes within culture and academic institutions the notion of social memory and resistance to oblivion as a priority- are parallel events to the publication of novels with a higher level of experimentation. These new stories revisit and question the national past and history, pairing them with a personal reflection of the war and the blind spots of the institutional, official and media narrations about it...
In Colombia, during the Intern Conflict literature became one of the safest forms to describe in detail polemic circumstances and episodes of violence, as to talk openly about the experience of the constant social injustice. This fact granted literature a historical responsibility of documentation which derived, in one hand into an aesthetic limit and in the other, into a writers’ commitment with the disclosure of delicate realities and with the impossibility of a general dialogue about them. It’s not a coincidence that the Conflict had been a permanent theme in the Colombian literature during the war’s repression. Neither that a lineal structure and a realistic tone had remained for so long. The will of documenting when tackling the subject and the hopeless tenor, will be both elements that will characterize a considerable number of novels and tales in the XX century. However, the change to a new century and the beginning of the Peace process -which among other things makes possible spaces for the dialogue about the war, favors the role of victims’ memories and promotes within culture and academic institutions the notion of social memory and resistance to oblivion as a priority- are parallel events to the publication of novels with a higher level of experimentation. These new stories revisit and question the national past and history, pairing them with a personal reflection of the war and the blind spots of the institutional, official and media narrations about it...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, Departamento de Literaturas Hispánicas y Bibliografía, leída el 29/03/2019