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Redox parameters as markers of the rate of aging and predictors of lifespan

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Oxidative stress has been reported to increase with aging and although several agerelated changes in redox parameters have been described, none of them have been verified as markers of the rate of aging and lifespan. Therefore, antioxidant (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities and reduced glutathione) and oxidant (oxidized glutathione, basal superoxide anion and malondialdehyde concentrations)parameters were studied in whole blood cells from humans divided into different age groups (adult, mature, elderly, nonagenarian and centenarian) in a cross-sectional study. Moreover, the same parameters were investigated in peritoneal leukocytes of mice at the analogous human ages (adult, mature, old, very old and long-lived) in a longitudinal study as well as in adult prematurely aging mice (PAM). The results reveal that the agerelated alterations of these markers are similar in humans and mice, with decreased antioxidants and increased oxidants in old subjects whereas long-lived individuals show similar values to those in adults. Additionally, adult PAM showed similar values to those in chronologically old mice and had a shorter lifespan than non-prematurely aging mice. Thus, these parameters could be proposed as markers of the rate of aging and used to ascertain biological age in humans
Se sabe que el estrés oxidativo (mayores cantidades de oxidantes que de defensas antioxidantes) aumenta al envejecer. En este trabajo se han estudiado toda una serie de oxidantes y antioxidantes en células sanguíneas de hombres y mujeres adultos, maduros, mayores, nonagenarios y centenarios. Los mismos parámetros se han analizado en células inmunitarias peritoneales de ratones, en un estudio longitudinal, a las correspondientes edades (adultos, maduros, viejos, muy viejos y longevos). Se ha comprobado una evolución similar con la edad de los parámetros analizados en ratones y en humanos, dándose en ambas especies un aumento de oxidantes y disminución de antioxidantes al envejecer. No obstante, los individuos que logran superar la esperanza de vida media presentan dichos parámetros similares a los de los adultos mientras que los longevos, como los centenarios, presentan una “firma redox” muy diferenciada, con una gran actividad de defensas antioxidantes.
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