Publication: Nanovehiculos para el tratamiento de la infección bacteriana II
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2017-06
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Abstract
En los últimos años ha habido un aumento en el uso indebido, excesivo e incluso insuficiente de los medicamentos, teniendo consecuencias nocivas para la salud de las personas, además de un gasto innecesario en los recursos de la sanidad. El caso más frecuente es el uso indebido de los antibióticos, llegando a desarrollarse mecanismos de resistencia a los mismos. Por consecuencia, los antibióticos de primeras líneas no llegan a realizar su función, complicándose las infecciones y pudiendo llegar a ser letales. Por ello, la investigación actual se centra en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas a la administración convencional de antibióticos y es aquí donde surge una nueva herramienta: la nanotecnología. El tamaño de las partículas y estructuras de esta nueva vertiente permite vehiculizar los antibióticos a los tejidos y células diana de una manera más eficiente. Supone un gran avance en cuanto al tratamiento de las infecciones, donde podemos distinguir diferentes subtipos y estrategias terapéuticas. En esta revisión se comentan y explican algunos de las nanopartículas y nanovehículos con más relevancia en el tratamiento de infecciones bacterianas.
The misuse, abuse or even insufficient use of drugs in recent years have led to harmful consequences in human health in addition to an expenditure in health resources. The most common case is the inappropriate use of antibiotics which has caused the development of mechanisms that trigger resistances to the drug. As a result, first-line antibiotics do not make their work, leading to complicated infections that can be lethal. Thus, research is focused on new alternatives and new approaches like nanotechnology which has experience a recent increase in popularity. The size of the particles and structures used this field facilitates the access to the target and cells. It is an advance in the management of infections which can be divided into different subtypes and therapeutic approaches. This revision overviews and explains some of the most relevant nanoparticles and nanovehicles used in treatment of bacterial infections.
The misuse, abuse or even insufficient use of drugs in recent years have led to harmful consequences in human health in addition to an expenditure in health resources. The most common case is the inappropriate use of antibiotics which has caused the development of mechanisms that trigger resistances to the drug. As a result, first-line antibiotics do not make their work, leading to complicated infections that can be lethal. Thus, research is focused on new alternatives and new approaches like nanotechnology which has experience a recent increase in popularity. The size of the particles and structures used this field facilitates the access to the target and cells. It is an advance in the management of infections which can be divided into different subtypes and therapeutic approaches. This revision overviews and explains some of the most relevant nanoparticles and nanovehicles used in treatment of bacterial infections.