Publication: El tratamiento mediático de la globalización: aproximación analítica al discurso de la prensa española
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2020-05-18
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La globalización es la hegemonía del capitalismo a nivel mundial, que ha sido promovida por las grandes corporaciones y los centros financieros,y apoyada por los poderes políticos de los países desarrollados. Para establecer un gobierno económico mundial se han creado unas instituciones internacionales.Con el objetivo de defender y propagar el proyecto neoliberal se establecen un dominio sobre los canales de difusión cultural, que incluye los medios informativos.El objetivo de la tesis es analizar desde una perspectiva comunicativa,el FMI, el BM, y la OMC, y el movimiento altermundialista que se opone a esta forma de globalización. Analizados estos sujetos obtenemos dos dimensiones ideológicas. La social y la cognitiva- y abordamos una tercera parte para analizar cómo se construye desde los medios, en concreto desde cuatro periódicos españoles, el discurso de la globalización. El resultado de la investigación es que, según las muestras analizadas,desde todos los medios se defiende el neoliberalismo, aunque introduciendo ciertas diferencias en sus posicionamientos ("neoliberalismo de rostro humano", autorregulación del poder económico, primacía de la perspectiva de los líderes económicos o adhesión incondicional a las políticas más ortodoxas); en todos ellos se perciben una tendencia a la homogenización en el discurso en cuanto a la forma y el fondo y una deslegitimación de las mismas informaciones. En cuanto al movimiento altermundialista, al haber asumido todos ellos su relevancia en el actual panorama internacional,se ofrece cobertura al sector moderado del mismo y se rechaza o se ignora al revolucionario, mediante estrategias y técnicas básicamente emocionales y razonamiento e informaciones superficiales, para no cuestionar una ideología que se muestra fuertemente doctrinaria (el neoliberalismo).
Globalization is the hegemony of capitalism worldwide, which has been promoted by large corporations and financial centers, and supported by the political powers of developed countries. In order to establish a world economic government, international institutions have been created. In order to defend and propagate the neoliberal project, a domain is established over the channels of cultural diffusion, which includes the media. The objective of the thesis is to analyze from a perspective communicative, the IMF, the WB, and the WTO, and the anti-globalization movement that opposes this form of globalization. Analyzed these subjects we obtain two ideological dimensions. The social and cognitive - and we address a third part to analyze how the discourse of globalization is constructed from the media, specifically from four Spanish newspapers. The result of the investigation is that, according to the samples analyzed, neoliberalism is defended by all the media, although introducing certain differences in their positions ("neoliberalism with a human face", self-regulation of economic power, primacy of the perspective of economic leaders) or unconditional adherence to the most orthodox policies); in all of them there is a tendency to homogenize the discourse in terms of form and substance and a delegitimization of the same information. As for the alter-globalization movement, since all of them have assumed their relevance in the current international panorama, coverage is offered to the moderate sector of the same and the revolutionary is rejected or ignored, through basically emotional strategies and techniques and superficial reasoning and information, so as not to question an ideology that is strongly doctrinaire (neoliberalism).
Globalization is the hegemony of capitalism worldwide, which has been promoted by large corporations and financial centers, and supported by the political powers of developed countries. In order to establish a world economic government, international institutions have been created. In order to defend and propagate the neoliberal project, a domain is established over the channels of cultural diffusion, which includes the media. The objective of the thesis is to analyze from a perspective communicative, the IMF, the WB, and the WTO, and the anti-globalization movement that opposes this form of globalization. Analyzed these subjects we obtain two ideological dimensions. The social and cognitive - and we address a third part to analyze how the discourse of globalization is constructed from the media, specifically from four Spanish newspapers. The result of the investigation is that, according to the samples analyzed, neoliberalism is defended by all the media, although introducing certain differences in their positions ("neoliberalism with a human face", self-regulation of economic power, primacy of the perspective of economic leaders) or unconditional adherence to the most orthodox policies); in all of them there is a tendency to homogenize the discourse in terms of form and substance and a delegitimization of the same information. As for the alter-globalization movement, since all of them have assumed their relevance in the current international panorama, coverage is offered to the moderate sector of the same and the revolutionary is rejected or ignored, through basically emotional strategies and techniques and superficial reasoning and information, so as not to question an ideology that is strongly doctrinaire (neoliberalism).
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Comunicación Audiviosual I, leída el 22-06-2005