Publication: Tratamiento de la marcha como secuela tras un accidente cerebrovascular
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2017-06
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Abstract
Esta revisión trata de abordar brevemente las diferentes técnicas posibles para la realización de un tratamiento adecuado de la marcha en el paciente que ha sufrido un ictus. Con los años, se ha conseguido reducir la mortalidad que causaba esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, se ha convertido en una de las mayores causas de discapacidad a nivel global, llegando a limitar considerablemente la independencia funcional de estos pacientes y reduciendo su calidad de vida. Por ello, el abordaje de la marcha en estos pacientes es de suma importancia. Gracias a los avances tecnológicos y biomédicos que han ido surgiendo estas últimas décadas, se han desarrollado diversas técnicas de neuroimagen que han permitido una mayor investigación de las diferentes áreas del encéfalo y su neuroplasticidad. Con ello, la fisioterapia neurológica ha avanzado, apareciendo una gran diversidad de tratamientos y recursos para la recuperación de una marcha funcional. Todos ellos ofrecen resultados realmente prometedores, pero, la mayoría de ellos, no demuestran suficiente evidencia ni ser superior al resto; por lo que se debe continuar investigando.
This review tries to explain briefly the different possible techniques in order to elaborate an accurate gait treatment in patients that have suffered from a stroke. Over the years, reducing the mortality caused by this disease has been achieved. Nevertheless, it has become one of the major causes of impairment at a global level, limiting the functional independence of these patients and reducing their quality of life. Thus, the approach of gait in these patients is of paramount importance. Due to the technological and biomedical advances that have been raised during the last decades, several neuroimaging techniques has been developed and has allowed further research about the different areas of the brain and its neuroplasticity. This has helped neurological physiotherapy to progress, emerging a huge variety of treatments and tools for the recovery of a functional gait. All of them offer promising results, but the majority of them, does not provide neither enough evidence nor being higher that the rest; consequently, there is a need of further investigation.
This review tries to explain briefly the different possible techniques in order to elaborate an accurate gait treatment in patients that have suffered from a stroke. Over the years, reducing the mortality caused by this disease has been achieved. Nevertheless, it has become one of the major causes of impairment at a global level, limiting the functional independence of these patients and reducing their quality of life. Thus, the approach of gait in these patients is of paramount importance. Due to the technological and biomedical advances that have been raised during the last decades, several neuroimaging techniques has been developed and has allowed further research about the different areas of the brain and its neuroplasticity. This has helped neurological physiotherapy to progress, emerging a huge variety of treatments and tools for the recovery of a functional gait. All of them offer promising results, but the majority of them, does not provide neither enough evidence nor being higher that the rest; consequently, there is a need of further investigation.