Publication: Telerehabilitación cardiaca. Efectos y monitorización remota del ejercicio físico por el fisioterapeuta. Revisión narrativa.
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2020-06-03
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Abstract
Hoy en día las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la causa más frecuente de muerte a nivel mundial, siendo las responsables de alteraciones funcionales que producen cierto grado de discapacidad en estos pacientes, conllevando así a una disminución de su calidad de vida. A este grupo pertenecen las enfermedades cardíacas, cuyo aumento progresivo en los últimos años las convierte en un objetivo sanitario primordial. Los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca son una medida de prevención secundaria muy eficaz, desarrollada por un equipo multidisciplinar. Dentro de este equipo, el fisioterapeuta juega un papel muy importante planificando y supervisando uno de los principales componentes de estos programas: el programa de ejercicio físico.
No obstante, las tasas de adherencia y participación en los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca son bajas, y por tanto los efectos y beneficios que se obtienen no alcanzan el impacto deseado. La telerehabilitación, se presenta como una herramienta capaz de incrementar estas tasas, manteniendo los beneficios propios de la rehabilitación cardíaca durante un mayor periodo de tiempo.
La presente revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo principal valorar y evidenciar los efectos, así como la eficacia, que tiene la telerehabilitación en la rehabilitación cardiaca, especialmente en los programas de ejercicio físico monitorizados por el fisioterapeuta.
Nowadays cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality worldwide, being responsible of functional alterations that cause a certain degree of disability in these patients, thus leading to a decrease in their quality of life. Cardiac diseases belong to this group, its progressive increase in recent years makes them a primary health concern. Cardiac rehabilitation programs are very effective secondary prevention measure, developed by a multidisciplinary team. Within this team, the physical therapist plays an important role planning and supervising one of the main components of these programs: the physical exercise program. However, the rates of adherence and participation in cardiac rehabilitation programs are low, and therefore the effects and benefits obtained do not achieve the desired impact. Telerehabilitation is a tool that may help with the increase of these rates, maintaining the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation for a longer period of time. The main aim of this narrative review is to assess and demonstrate the effects, as well as the effectiveness, that telerehabilitation has on cardiac rehabilitation, especially in physical exercise programs monitored by the physiotherapist.
Nowadays cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality worldwide, being responsible of functional alterations that cause a certain degree of disability in these patients, thus leading to a decrease in their quality of life. Cardiac diseases belong to this group, its progressive increase in recent years makes them a primary health concern. Cardiac rehabilitation programs are very effective secondary prevention measure, developed by a multidisciplinary team. Within this team, the physical therapist plays an important role planning and supervising one of the main components of these programs: the physical exercise program. However, the rates of adherence and participation in cardiac rehabilitation programs are low, and therefore the effects and benefits obtained do not achieve the desired impact. Telerehabilitation is a tool that may help with the increase of these rates, maintaining the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation for a longer period of time. The main aim of this narrative review is to assess and demonstrate the effects, as well as the effectiveness, that telerehabilitation has on cardiac rehabilitation, especially in physical exercise programs monitored by the physiotherapist.