Publication: Nuevo régimen jurídico en materia de competencia desleal para Puerto Rico: estudio comparado entre los derechos español, estadounidense y puertorriqueño
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2021-04-04
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo surge a raíz de la necesidad imperiosa de desarrollar un nuevo régimen jurídico en materia de competencia desleal para Puerto Rico, ya que el existente es arcaico y limitado. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación tuvimos que limitar varios aspectos, porque resultaba imposible y poco práctico estudiar la totalidad del área del Derecho de la competencia económica desleal. Una primera limitación fue espacial, los países cuya regulación estudiamos –aparte de Puerto Rico y de la legislación federal estadounidense–, habiendo elegido el Derecho español por la razón de que el derecho privado puertorriqueño es de inspiración netamente latina, y específicamente española. En segundo lugar, limitamos el estudio a ciertos supuestos concretos de conductas desleales dentro de este entorno, y por eso buscamos aquellas conductas cuyo enjuiciamiento resulta más común en ambos sistemas legales (Estados Unidos/España), siendo estos los actos de engaño y de imitación. Además, se consideró: (i) el ámbito objetivo de aplicación de una norma de este tipo; y (ii) el criterio de obrar de un comportamiento de buena fe objetiva requerido para el buen funcionamiento del mercado. Finalmente, y por la condición de que Puerto Rico es una colonia estadounidense, se incluyó un análisis sobre las limitaciones constitucionales que tienen los Estados y Territorios de los EE.UU. en la promulgación de leyes que pudiesen ser contrarias a las leyes federales y por ende quedar desplazadas. Este trabajo termina con un apartado dedicado a las conclusiones obtenidas a través de esta investigación.
The objective of this work arises from the imperative need to develop a new legal regime in matters of unfair competition for Puerto Rico, since the existing one is archaic and limited. To carry out this research, we had to limit several aspects, because it was impossible and impractical to study the entire area of the Law of unfair economic competition. A first limitation was spatial, the countries whose regulation we studied –apart from Puerto Rico and US federal legislation– was the Spanish law, since Puerto Rican private law is of purely Latin inspiration, and specifically Spanish. Secondly, we limit this study to certain specific conducts of unfair behavior within this scope, and for that reason we look for those conducts whose prosecution is more commonly in both legal system (US/Spain), being these: acts of deception and imitation. In addition, we consider: (i) the objective scope of the application of a rule of this type; and (ii) the criterion of action of an objective good faith behavior, required for the proper functioning of the market. Finally, and due to the condition that Puerto Rico is a United States colony, an analysis was included on the constitutional limitations that the States and Territories of the United States have in the promulgation of laws that could be contrary to federal laws and by hence be preempted. This work ends with a section dedicated to the conclusions obtained through this research.
The objective of this work arises from the imperative need to develop a new legal regime in matters of unfair competition for Puerto Rico, since the existing one is archaic and limited. To carry out this research, we had to limit several aspects, because it was impossible and impractical to study the entire area of the Law of unfair economic competition. A first limitation was spatial, the countries whose regulation we studied –apart from Puerto Rico and US federal legislation– was the Spanish law, since Puerto Rican private law is of purely Latin inspiration, and specifically Spanish. Secondly, we limit this study to certain specific conducts of unfair behavior within this scope, and for that reason we look for those conducts whose prosecution is more commonly in both legal system (US/Spain), being these: acts of deception and imitation. In addition, we consider: (i) the objective scope of the application of a rule of this type; and (ii) the criterion of action of an objective good faith behavior, required for the proper functioning of the market. Finally, and due to the condition that Puerto Rico is a United States colony, an analysis was included on the constitutional limitations that the States and Territories of the United States have in the promulgation of laws that could be contrary to federal laws and by hence be preempted. This work ends with a section dedicated to the conclusions obtained through this research.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, leída el 04/12/2020