Publication: Epidemiología molecular y factores de riesgo de protistas enteroparásitos asociados a diarrea en poblaciones pediátricas sintomáticas y asintomáticas en España y Mozambique
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2021-06-09
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La diarrea fue la quinta causa de muerte en niños menores de 5 años en el mundo en 2016. Los 6 patógenos entéricos más relevantes causantes de esta condición incluyeron agentes de origen vírico (adenovirus, rotavirus), bacteriano (Campylobacter, Escherichia coli enterotoxigénica, Shigella) y parasitarios (Cryptosporidium). Las infecciones por estos patógenos eran más frecuentes y graves en áreas desfavorecidas de países de renta baja y media caracterizadas por acceso limitado a agua potable, condiciones higiénico-sanitarias inadecuadas y servicios de saneamiento insuficientes. Además de Cryptosporidium, los protozoos Giardia duodenalis y Entamoeba histolytica también contribuyen significativamente a la carga de enfermedad diarreica global, además de estar asociados a desnutrición, retraso del crecimiento y déficit cognitivo en los niños afectados. Otros protistas, como el estramenópilo Blastocystis o el microsporidio Enterocytozoon bieneusi, tienen una patogenicidad incierta o causan infecciones oportunistas en individuos inmunodeprimidos. El papel de los niños asintomáticos en la epidemiología de estos protistas ha sido insuficientemente estudiado tanto en países de renta baja y media como en los de renta alta...
Diarrhoea was the fifth cause of death in children under five years old in 2016 globally. The six most relevant enteric pathogens causing this condition included viral (adenovirus, rotavirus), bacterial (Campylobacter, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella), and parasitic (Cryptosporidium) agents. Infections by these pathogens were more frequent and severe in unfavoured settings in low- and medium-income countries characterised by limited access to safe drinking water, poor hygiene, and insufficient sanitary services. Besides Cryptosporidium, other protozoa such as Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica are also major contributors to the global burden of diarrhoeal disease. In addition, infections by these pathogens have been linked to childhood growth failure and cognitive impairment. Other protists, including the stramenopile Blastocystis or the microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi, have an unclear pathogenic significance or cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. The role of asymptomatic children in the epidemiology of these protist species have been insufficiently investigated either in low- and medium-income countries or high-income countries...
Diarrhoea was the fifth cause of death in children under five years old in 2016 globally. The six most relevant enteric pathogens causing this condition included viral (adenovirus, rotavirus), bacterial (Campylobacter, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella), and parasitic (Cryptosporidium) agents. Infections by these pathogens were more frequent and severe in unfavoured settings in low- and medium-income countries characterised by limited access to safe drinking water, poor hygiene, and insufficient sanitary services. Besides Cryptosporidium, other protozoa such as Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica are also major contributors to the global burden of diarrhoeal disease. In addition, infections by these pathogens have been linked to childhood growth failure and cognitive impairment. Other protists, including the stramenopile Blastocystis or the microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi, have an unclear pathogenic significance or cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. The role of asymptomatic children in the epidemiology of these protist species have been insufficiently investigated either in low- and medium-income countries or high-income countries...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, leída el 30-10-2020