Publication: Efectos del ejercicio terapéutico en pacientes con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: revisión bibliográfica
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2021-06-13
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Abstract
En la actualidad, la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana es considerada una pandemia para la que no se ha desarrollado ninguna cura hasta el momento, tan sólo tratamientos antirretrovirales. El ejercicio terapéutico es un recurso de fisioterapia que ha demostrado tener efectos positivos sobre las manifestaciones de la enfermedad. Si bien éste no ha demostrado cambios en la carga virológica e inmunológica, el entrenamiento con ejercicios de fuerza combinados con ejercicios aeróbicos ha producido mejoras cardiorrespiratorias, de la fuerza y del estado psicológico. Intervenciones con ejercicio terapéutico menos convencionales como son el yoga y el taichí, resultaron ser beneficiosas para la salud en pacientes con VIH, sirviendo como complemento a los tratamientos médicos y farmacológicos. El propósito de este trabajo es aportar conocimientos de actualidad a profesionales de la salud, involucrados en el manejo de estos pacientes, especialmente a fisioterapeutas, para que formen parte de la rehabilitación de las personas que viven con el VIH.
Nowadays, human immunodeficiency virus infection is considered a pandemic for which no cure has been developed so far, only antiretroviral treatments. Therapeutic exercise is a physiotherapy resource that has been shown to have positive effects on the manifestations of the disease. Although this has not shown changes in virological and immunological load, resistance exercise training combined with aerobic exercise has produced improvements in cardiorespiratory, strength and psychological state. Less conventional therapeutic exercise interventions such as yoga and tai chi were found to be beneficial for the health of HIV patients, serving as a complement to medical and pharmacological treatments. The purpose of this review is to provide current knowledge to health professionals involved in the management of these patients, especially physiotherapists, so that they become a part of the rehabilitation of people living with HIV.
Nowadays, human immunodeficiency virus infection is considered a pandemic for which no cure has been developed so far, only antiretroviral treatments. Therapeutic exercise is a physiotherapy resource that has been shown to have positive effects on the manifestations of the disease. Although this has not shown changes in virological and immunological load, resistance exercise training combined with aerobic exercise has produced improvements in cardiorespiratory, strength and psychological state. Less conventional therapeutic exercise interventions such as yoga and tai chi were found to be beneficial for the health of HIV patients, serving as a complement to medical and pharmacological treatments. The purpose of this review is to provide current knowledge to health professionals involved in the management of these patients, especially physiotherapists, so that they become a part of the rehabilitation of people living with HIV.
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