Publication: Adhesión de membranas lipídicas mediada por la proteína mitofusina: implicaciones en el proceso de fusión mitocondrial
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2021-06-29
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La fusión de membranas es un proceso biológico fundamental en muchas áreas de la fisiología. Extracelularmente, ocurre durante la infección viral, la fertilización de los óvulos por los espermatozoides y la formación de sincitios en el desarrollo muscular. Intracelularmente, participa en el transporte de proteínas y lípidos entre orgánulos, en eventos exocitóticos como la liberación de neurotransmisores o la secreción de insulina, y en el mantenimiento de la forma y función de las mitocondrias. Durante todos estos eventos, dos compartimentos celulares, inicialmente separados y delimitados por bicapas lipídicas deben conectarse y fusionarse para mezclar sus componentes de membrana y sus volúmenes acuosos. Dado que las membranas biológicas están diseñadas para ser estables, tales eventos de fusión son energéticamente costosos y requieren la intervención de proteínas especializadas que ayudan a las membranas a avanzar a través de las etapas sucesivas que conducen a la fusión...
Membrane fusion is a fundamental biological process in many areas of physiology. Extracellularly, it occurs during viral infection, fertilization of the ovules by sperm and the formation of syncytia in muscle development. Intracellularly, it participates in the transport of proteins and lipids between organelles, in exocytotic events such as the release of neurotransmitters or insulin secretion, and in the maintenance of the shape and function of mitochondria. During all these events, two cellular compartments, separated and delimited by lipid bilayers, must connect and fuseto mix their membrane components and their aqueous volumes. Since biological membranes are designed to be stable, such fusion events are energetically costly and require the intervention of special proteins that help the membranes advance through the successive stages that lead to fusion.x..
Membrane fusion is a fundamental biological process in many areas of physiology. Extracellularly, it occurs during viral infection, fertilization of the ovules by sperm and the formation of syncytia in muscle development. Intracellularly, it participates in the transport of proteins and lipids between organelles, in exocytotic events such as the release of neurotransmitters or insulin secretion, and in the maintenance of the shape and function of mitochondria. During all these events, two cellular compartments, separated and delimited by lipid bilayers, must connect and fuseto mix their membrane components and their aqueous volumes. Since biological membranes are designed to be stable, such fusion events are energetically costly and require the intervention of special proteins that help the membranes advance through the successive stages that lead to fusion.x..
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia , leída el 16/02/2021