Publication: Lombardo Toledano: marxismo y populismo en México y América Latina antes de Laclau
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2021-07-14
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
En las últimas décadas, la vida y el pensamiento de Vicente Lombardo Toledano (1894-1968) fueron mucho más estudiados desde la historia que desde la filosofía y la historia del pensamiento político. En este sentido, mientras que su gran importancia histórica como uno de los principales líderes sindicales de México y América Latina, el relevante papel que desempeñó durante el mandato presidencial de Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-40) y las campañas que, a partir de finales de los años cuarenta, emprendió como principal dirigente de la oposición de izquierda tolerada durante el régimen del PRI, han sido estudiados en detalle en diferentes obras históricas, su extenso corpus de escritos y su filosofía política no han sido estudiados desde una perspectiva genuinamente filosófica. Por otra parte, al privilegiar como herramientas para el estudio del populismo las monografías y artículos académicos, la filosofía académica ha descuidado hasta ahora la dimensión del populismo como un discurso orientado a las masas y concebido como un instrumento para su movilización. Sin embargo, es imposible comprender el populismo sin acercarse a géneros “menores” como las columnas de opinión, los manifiestos y los discursos políticos, géneros a los que corresponde, precisamente, la mayor parte de la producción filosófica de Lombardo...
In past decades, the life and thought of Vicente Lombardo Toledano (1894-1968) were much more studied by historians than by philosophers and historians of political thought. In this sense, while his great historical importance as one of the main trade union leaders in México and Latin America, the relevant role he played during the presidential mandate of Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-40) and the campaigns that, from the late 1940s on, he undertook as the main leader of the leftist opposition tolerated during the PRI regime, have been studied in detail in different historical works, his extensive corpus of writings and political philosophy have not been studied systematically and from a genuinely philosophical perspective.On the other hand, privileging as tools for the study of populism academic monographs and articles, researchers neglected until now the dimension of populism as a discourse oriented to the masses and conceived as an instrument for their mobilization. Nevertheless, it is impossible to understand populism without approaching 'minor' genres such as opinion columns, manifests and political speeches, usually despised by the philosophical tradition. Most of Lombardo’s philosophical production, circumstantial texts aimed to have a direct influence on the 'people' and on individuals with different levels of education, corresponds precisely to these popular genres...
In past decades, the life and thought of Vicente Lombardo Toledano (1894-1968) were much more studied by historians than by philosophers and historians of political thought. In this sense, while his great historical importance as one of the main trade union leaders in México and Latin America, the relevant role he played during the presidential mandate of Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-40) and the campaigns that, from the late 1940s on, he undertook as the main leader of the leftist opposition tolerated during the PRI regime, have been studied in detail in different historical works, his extensive corpus of writings and political philosophy have not been studied systematically and from a genuinely philosophical perspective.On the other hand, privileging as tools for the study of populism academic monographs and articles, researchers neglected until now the dimension of populism as a discourse oriented to the masses and conceived as an instrument for their mobilization. Nevertheless, it is impossible to understand populism without approaching 'minor' genres such as opinion columns, manifests and political speeches, usually despised by the philosophical tradition. Most of Lombardo’s philosophical production, circumstantial texts aimed to have a direct influence on the 'people' and on individuals with different levels of education, corresponds precisely to these popular genres...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía, leída el 29/01/2021