Publication: Orientaciones Astronómicas en el oppidum oretano del Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real)
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Publication Date
2016
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
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Abstract
Se presenta un análisis arqueoastronómico de la orientación definida por los muros del santuario de entrada del oppidum ibérico Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real), situado en la Oretania septentrional, así como de otros recintos pertinentes para el análisis. El resultado más relevante es que dos de los muros perimetrales del santuario están orientados hacia el amanecer en los equinoccios y en el solsticio de verano respectivamente. Como en otros santuarios ibéricos, se encuentra que la salida del Sol en los equinoccios se produce sobre la cumbre de una de las montañas más distantes del horizonte. También planteamos la posibilidad de que otros muros del mismo santuario puedan estar orientados hacia ortos de varias de las estrellas más brillantes del cielo. Se constata que el eje este-oeste de la trama urbana de la parte meridional del oppidum (donde se localiza un recinto de carácter cultual para algunos autores) se orienta aproximadamente hacia el orto en el solsticio de invierno. Finalmente documentamos un posible alineamiento entre el santuario de entrada, la necrópolis descubierta al este del oppidum y el punto del horizonte donde se produce el orto del solsticio de invierno.
We present an archaeoastronomical analysis of the orientations observed in the entrance-sanctuary and other enclosures at the Iberian oppidum Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real, Spain), located in the northern Oretania. The most important result of this work is that two of the perimeter walls of the entrance-sanctuary are oriented towards the sunrise, one at the equinoxes and the other at the summer solstice. As in other Iberian sanctuaries, an equinoctial marker is also found. This coincides with the top of one of the most distant mountains of the horizon. The possibility that other walls of the entrance-sanctuary may be oriented to the rising of several of the brightest stars in the sky is also discussed. Moreover, it is found that the east-west axis of the southern part of the oppidum (where an enclosure that some authors have interpreted as a possible sanctuary is located) is oriented approximately toward the sunrise at the winter solstice. Finally a possible alignment between the entrance-sanctuary, a necropolis located at the east and the point of the horizon where the sunrise of the winter solstice occurs is also reported.
We present an archaeoastronomical analysis of the orientations observed in the entrance-sanctuary and other enclosures at the Iberian oppidum Cerro de las Cabezas (Valdepeñas, Ciudad Real, Spain), located in the northern Oretania. The most important result of this work is that two of the perimeter walls of the entrance-sanctuary are oriented towards the sunrise, one at the equinoxes and the other at the summer solstice. As in other Iberian sanctuaries, an equinoctial marker is also found. This coincides with the top of one of the most distant mountains of the horizon. The possibility that other walls of the entrance-sanctuary may be oriented to the rising of several of the brightest stars in the sky is also discussed. Moreover, it is found that the east-west axis of the southern part of the oppidum (where an enclosure that some authors have interpreted as a possible sanctuary is located) is oriented approximately toward the sunrise at the winter solstice. Finally a possible alignment between the entrance-sanctuary, a necropolis located at the east and the point of the horizon where the sunrise of the winter solstice occurs is also reported.