Publication: La prehistórica Cultura de las Motillas: nuevas propuestas para un antiguo problema
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Publication Date
2015
Authors
Mejías Moreno, Miguel
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Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad del País Vasco
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Abstract
Los inicios de la caracterización de la Cultura de las Motillas se sitúa hace cuatro décadas. Desde entonces diversas universidades y expertos han intentado encontrar explicación a las causas del origen, evolución y desaparición de este singular grupo humano que habitó La Mancha durante la Prehistoria Reciente. Los últimos avances en la investigación permiten plantear tres datos de importancia para el tema. En primer lugar, las motillas pueden ser en realidad el más antiguo sistema de captación de agua subterránea a nivel comarcal establecido en Europa. En segundo lugar, la implantación de esta red de pozos pudo estar relacionada con una crisis climática que hizo desaparecer de forma generalizada las aguas superficiales durante un largo periodo de tiempo, relacionado con el Evento Climático 4.2 ka BP. En tercer lugar, las motillas forman tells muy similares en lo formal a los túmulos funerarios. Acaba de ser definido un horizonte funerario tumular asociado a la Cultura de las Motillas que era desconocido por completo. Este trabajo aporta, además, el inventario actualizado de todas las motillas conocidas.
The beginning of the definition of Culture of Motillas stands four decades ago. Since then, various universities and experts have tried to find an explanation to the causes of the origin, evolution and disappearance of this singular human group that lived during the Late Prehistory in La Mancha (South Central Plateau Spain). Recent advances in research allow to raise three relevant data to the subject. First, the motillas may actually be the oldest system of underground water collection at local level set in Europe. Second, the implementation of this network of wells could be related to a climate crisis that could have dried the surface water for a long period of time, related to the 4.2 ka BP Climate Event. Third, the motillas are tells, very similar in form to the burial mounds; funerary tumulus in associated to the Culture of Motillas that have recently been described. This work also provides an updated inventory of all known motillas.
The beginning of the definition of Culture of Motillas stands four decades ago. Since then, various universities and experts have tried to find an explanation to the causes of the origin, evolution and disappearance of this singular human group that lived during the Late Prehistory in La Mancha (South Central Plateau Spain). Recent advances in research allow to raise three relevant data to the subject. First, the motillas may actually be the oldest system of underground water collection at local level set in Europe. Second, the implementation of this network of wells could be related to a climate crisis that could have dried the surface water for a long period of time, related to the 4.2 ka BP Climate Event. Third, the motillas are tells, very similar in form to the burial mounds; funerary tumulus in associated to the Culture of Motillas that have recently been described. This work also provides an updated inventory of all known motillas.