Publication: Presentación de la Covid-19 en China en la prensa española: estudio de caso de los diarios El País y ABC
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2021-09
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Abstract
Se plantea en el presente trabajo fin de máster un estudio de la presentación de la epidemia de Covid-19 en China por la prensa escrita española a lo largo del año 2020. Se han elegido dos diarios españoles con influencia internacional, El País y ABC, y se han seleccionado las noticias escritas por sus correspondientes corresponsales en China, Macarena Vidal Liy y Pablo M. Díez, durante 2020 sobre el tema del coronavirus con respecto al país asiático.
Se analizan un total de 93 noticias de los dos diarios empleando la metodología de análisis de contenido, con el diseño de un protocolo compuesto de 37 variables a través de las cuales, además de los datos básicos de ubicación y autoría de la noticia, se recoge tanto la temática abordada como la interpretación de datos en cada noticia.
En base a la Teoría del encuadre y la de las representaciones sociales, así como a la teoría de Martín Serrano sobre la mediación de los medios de comunicación, se comprueba que los dos diarios coincidieron en gran medida en las temáticas abordadas, tanto desde el punto de vista sincrónico como desde el diacrónico, con diferencias menores en algunos temas concretos. Además, se observa en ambos diarios una falta de valoraciones positivas sobre la gestión del gobierno chino, y que se presentó en general una imagen dañada de este país en el contexto de la pandemia. Al respecto, el periodista de ABC mostró una actitud más claramente crítica a China y adoptó una postura más notablemente ideologizada.
This master's thesis is a study of the presentation of the Covid-19 epidemic in China by the Spanish written press during the year 2020. We have chosen two Spanish newspapers with international influence, El País and ABC, and selected the news written during 2020 by their corresponding correspondents in China, Macarena Vidal Liy and Pablo M. Díez, on the subject of the coronavirus with respect to this country. A total of 93 news items from these two newspapers were analysed using the methodology of content analysis, with a protocol comprising 37 variables through which, in addition to the basic data on the location and authorship of the news item, both the subject matter addressed and the interpretation of the data present in each news item were collected. Based on the theory of framing and the social representation theory, as well Martín Serrano's theory on media mediation, it was found that the two newspapers coincided to a large extent in the topics covered, both from a synchronic and diachronic point of view, with minor differences in some specific issues. In addition, both newspapers showed a lack of positive evaluations of the Chinese government's management, and a generally damaged image of China in the context of the pandemic. In this respect, the journalist of ABC showed a more clearly critical attitude towards China and adopted a more ideological stance.
This master's thesis is a study of the presentation of the Covid-19 epidemic in China by the Spanish written press during the year 2020. We have chosen two Spanish newspapers with international influence, El País and ABC, and selected the news written during 2020 by their corresponding correspondents in China, Macarena Vidal Liy and Pablo M. Díez, on the subject of the coronavirus with respect to this country. A total of 93 news items from these two newspapers were analysed using the methodology of content analysis, with a protocol comprising 37 variables through which, in addition to the basic data on the location and authorship of the news item, both the subject matter addressed and the interpretation of the data present in each news item were collected. Based on the theory of framing and the social representation theory, as well Martín Serrano's theory on media mediation, it was found that the two newspapers coincided to a large extent in the topics covered, both from a synchronic and diachronic point of view, with minor differences in some specific issues. In addition, both newspapers showed a lack of positive evaluations of the Chinese government's management, and a generally damaged image of China in the context of the pandemic. In this respect, the journalist of ABC showed a more clearly critical attitude towards China and adopted a more ideological stance.