Publication: Valor pronóstico de la biopsia líquida en exomas circulantes en plasma en el paciente oncológico con diagnóstico reciente de metástasis cerebrales
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2021-11-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La metástasis cerebral se ha descrito hasta en un 40% de los pacientes con tumores diseminados. Esta complicación se asocia con una supervivencia global de menos del 10% de los pacientes a los 2 años desde el diagnóstico y un deterioro significativo en la calidad de vida. La inducción de un estado de inmunosupresión es una de las señas de identidad en el desarrollo de las metástasis cerebrales. Durante este proceso se produce normalmente la modulación de la actividad de STAT3 y de la expresión de PD-L1 tanto en células tumorales como inmunes, entre otras moléculas. La identificación de nuevos biomarcadores de biopsia líquida para el diagnóstico de metástasis cerebrales ofrece diversas ventajas, como su fácil accesibilidad y la posibilidad de una monitorización dinámica no invasiva, y podría permitir una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos moleculares de la diseminación al sistema nervioso central (SNC), con impacto positivo en el pronóstico de los pacientes. Entre otros biomarcadores útiles en biopsia líquida, las vesículas extracelulares se han señalado como especialmente útiles debido a su secreción en fluidos corporales y a su papel en la comunicación intercelular implicada en procesos claves de la biología tumoral...
Around 40% of the cancer patients with metastatic tumors will present brain metastases during the course of their disease. Once diagnosed, brain metastases are associated with a decreased overall survival; less than 10% of the patients survive more than 2 years, with a significant impairment in their quality of life.Brain metastases are often associated with immune system impairment. Among other molecules, both STAT3 activity and PD-L1 levels in tumor and immune cells are modulated. The identification of new biomarkers useful in liquid biopsy offers several advantages in brain metastases diagnosis and prognosis, such as their easy accessibility and the possibility of non-invasive dynamic monitoring. Extracellular vesicles have been recently proposed as novel biomarkers especially useful in liquid biopsy due to their secretion in biofluids and their role in cell communication during tumor progression...
Around 40% of the cancer patients with metastatic tumors will present brain metastases during the course of their disease. Once diagnosed, brain metastases are associated with a decreased overall survival; less than 10% of the patients survive more than 2 years, with a significant impairment in their quality of life.Brain metastases are often associated with immune system impairment. Among other molecules, both STAT3 activity and PD-L1 levels in tumor and immune cells are modulated. The identification of new biomarkers useful in liquid biopsy offers several advantages in brain metastases diagnosis and prognosis, such as their easy accessibility and the possibility of non-invasive dynamic monitoring. Extracellular vesicles have been recently proposed as novel biomarkers especially useful in liquid biopsy due to their secretion in biofluids and their role in cell communication during tumor progression...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 20-07-2021