Publication: Emociones en los cuidados. Una explicación complementaria a la distribución social desigual del cuidado
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2021
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Abstract
Este trabajo de investigación pretende aportar una explicación complementaria a la distribución social desigual del cuidado en España al centrarse específicamente en la cultura emocional. Tras una exposición de la distribución generizada del trabajo de cuidado en España, del tipo de cuidado (profesional e informal), y del lugar dónde preferentemente se cuida (familiar y extrafamiliar), este trabajo realiza, en primer lugar, una revisión y análisis de la literatura que aborda, con una perspectiva de estudios de género, la cuestión de la feminización de los cuidados y más específicamente, el papel jugado por las emociones morales. En segundo lugar, este trabajo se apoya en un análisis empírico desarrollado a través de una metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a hombres y a mujeres que cuidan. Con estas entrevistas, se explora fundamentalmente la dimensión emocional del cuidado con el fin de analizar cómo se hace género cuidando y cuáles son los repertorios emocionales generizados que se activan. En este sentido, se presta una particular atención a las emociones morales, por considerar que nos muestran, de forma particular, cómo se producen subjetividades de género cuidando. Los principales hallazgos o resultados extraídos a partir de esta investigación tienen que ver con la interpelación emocional diferencial en hombres y mujeres que cuidan fruto de la socialización emocional específica, cuestión que explica parcialmente el desigual reparto y consideración de atribución de responsabilidades de cuidados. Se proponen posibles líneas futuras de investigación e intervención en términos de revisión y deconstrucción de la cultura emocional diferencial entre hombres y mujeres como condición para la transformación de las desigualdades en torno a la atención y el cuidado de los sujetos dependientes de avanzada edad.
This research paper aims to provide a complementary explanation of the unequal social distribution of caregiving in Spain today by focusing specifically on emotional culture. After an exposition of the generalized distribution of care work in Spain, the type of care (professional and informal), and the place where care is mainly provided (family and extra-family), this paper first reviews and analyzes the literature that addresses, from a gender studies perspective, the issue of the feminization of care and, more specifically, the role played by moral emotions. Secondly, this study is supported by an empirical analysis developed through a qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews with men and women caregivers. With these interviews, the emotional dimension of caregiving is fundamentally explored in order to analyze how caregiving is gendered and what are the generated emotional repertoires that are activated. In this sense, particular attention is paid to moral emotions, as we consider that they show us, in a particular way, how gender subjectivities are produced in caregiving. The main findings or results extracted from this research have to do with the differential emotional interpellation in men and women caregivers as a result of specific emotional socialization, an issue that partially explains the unequal distribution and consideration of attribution of caregiving responsibilities. Possible future lines of research are proposed in terms of revision and deconstruction of the differential emotional culture between men and women as a condition for the transformation of inequalities in the attention and care of elderly dependent individuals
This research paper aims to provide a complementary explanation of the unequal social distribution of caregiving in Spain today by focusing specifically on emotional culture. After an exposition of the generalized distribution of care work in Spain, the type of care (professional and informal), and the place where care is mainly provided (family and extra-family), this paper first reviews and analyzes the literature that addresses, from a gender studies perspective, the issue of the feminization of care and, more specifically, the role played by moral emotions. Secondly, this study is supported by an empirical analysis developed through a qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews with men and women caregivers. With these interviews, the emotional dimension of caregiving is fundamentally explored in order to analyze how caregiving is gendered and what are the generated emotional repertoires that are activated. In this sense, particular attention is paid to moral emotions, as we consider that they show us, in a particular way, how gender subjectivities are produced in caregiving. The main findings or results extracted from this research have to do with the differential emotional interpellation in men and women caregivers as a result of specific emotional socialization, an issue that partially explains the unequal distribution and consideration of attribution of caregiving responsibilities. Possible future lines of research are proposed in terms of revision and deconstruction of the differential emotional culture between men and women as a condition for the transformation of inequalities in the attention and care of elderly dependent individuals