Publication: El ruido: una nueva dirección en el Derecho penal medioambiental y en la Green Criminology
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2019
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Abstract
Dentro del protagonismo cosechado por el medio ambiente, inusitado y global, el sonido no ha formado parte de esta materia y de la protección frente a sus agresiones hasta que los índices de ruido soportados por ciudadanos de innumerables países han superado niveles que propician alteraciones masivas del estado fisiológico ̆físico y psíquicŏ, y que paradójicamente no supone una variación desorbitada de lo que ya experimentaran nuestros más remotos antepasados. El ruido, desde otra perspectiva, también se puede considerar prestigioso, virtualmente integrado en el proceso evolutivo de la especie humana, y esencial para la socialización del sujeto, a la vez que presenta condiciones espaciales acotadas, que comprenden un radio de acción relativamente restringido, factores que complican, más si cabe, su configuración normativa. Teniendo en cuenta que la incorporación de la emisión de ruidos al sistema de la protección penal medioambiental es relativamente moderna, la aplicación del art. 325 CP ha experimentado un significativo aumento que ha convertido a la emisión de ruidos en una de las modalidades del delito ecológico con más protagonismo en España, si bien la desproporción entre los vectores implicados es todavía muy considerable (contaminación, índices de victimización y rigor de la pena). Por otra parte, el análisis de la conexión entre ruido y Criminología comprende tanto el potencial criminológico del ruido en contextos humanos como la relevancia que puede tener en la disciplina de la Green Criminology, que incluye a los ecosistemas y la flora y fauna en la noción de víctima.
Within the prominence achieved so far by the environment, unusual and global, noise has not been a substantial part of this subject until excessive noise levels suffered by citizens in countless countries have exceeded such limits, causing massive alterations of their physiological states. In this light it does not signify an exorbitant variation on what our most remote ancestors experienced. From another perspective, paradoxically noise may also be considered prestigious, virtually integrated into the human evolutionary process as it is essential for socialising, while it possesses several bounded spatial conditions including a relatively restricted range of action, and all these factors complicate a proper normative shaping. Taking into account that noise as a pollutant represents a relatively modern incorporation into the system of environmental criminal law, I stand up for restricting the scope of applicability regarding article 325 of the Spanish Criminal Code, to say the least. Nonetheless, connecting between noise and criminology includes both the criminological potential of noise in human contexts and the relevance that it possesses for Green Criminology, which importantly includes ecosystems and flora and fauna into the broadly notion of victim.
Within the prominence achieved so far by the environment, unusual and global, noise has not been a substantial part of this subject until excessive noise levels suffered by citizens in countless countries have exceeded such limits, causing massive alterations of their physiological states. In this light it does not signify an exorbitant variation on what our most remote ancestors experienced. From another perspective, paradoxically noise may also be considered prestigious, virtually integrated into the human evolutionary process as it is essential for socialising, while it possesses several bounded spatial conditions including a relatively restricted range of action, and all these factors complicate a proper normative shaping. Taking into account that noise as a pollutant represents a relatively modern incorporation into the system of environmental criminal law, I stand up for restricting the scope of applicability regarding article 325 of the Spanish Criminal Code, to say the least. Nonetheless, connecting between noise and criminology includes both the criminological potential of noise in human contexts and the relevance that it possesses for Green Criminology, which importantly includes ecosystems and flora and fauna into the broadly notion of victim.