Publication: Descubrimiento de nuevas terapias y técnicas de diagnóstico no invasivas en esclerosis múltiple
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2022-01-12
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los oligodendrocitos son las células gliales encargadas de la mielinización de los axones y desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo y la correcta transmisión de los impulsos nerviosos. Estas células se generan durante el desarrollo embrionario a partir de las células precursoras de oligodendrocitos (OPCs), las cuales continúan dividiéndose y diferenciándose a lo largo de toda la vida del individuo. El proceso de mielinización es muy importante tanto en el desarrollo embrionario y en el mantenimiento fisiológico de la transmisión eléctrica, como en el proceso de reparación durante patologías desmielinizantes. Las enfermedades neurodegenerativas son un conjunto heterogéneo de patologías del sistema nervioso central (SNC), caracterizadas en su mayoría por una etiología multifactorial y poligénica. Uno de los procesos que favorece la degeneración neuronal es la desmielinización, proceso de origen desconocido que conlleva una pérdida de mielina, bien por alteraciones en la funcionalidad de los oligodendrocitos, o bien por una actividad insuficiente de los mismos...
Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells responsible for the myelination of axons and play a fundamental role in the development and proper transmission of nerve impulses. These cells are generated during embryonic development from Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs), which continue to divide and differentiate throughout its individual's life. The myelination process is very important both in embryonic development and in the physiological maintenance of electrical transmission, as well as in the process of repairing damaged areas produced in demyelinating pathologies. Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous set of pathologies of the Central Nervous System (CNS), mostly characterized by a multifactorial and polygenic etiology. One of the processes that favours neuronal degeneration is demyelination, a process of unknown origin that leads to a loss of myelin, either due to alterations in the functionality of the oligodendrocytes, or due to insufficient activity thereof...
Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells responsible for the myelination of axons and play a fundamental role in the development and proper transmission of nerve impulses. These cells are generated during embryonic development from Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells (OPCs), which continue to divide and differentiate throughout its individual's life. The myelination process is very important both in embryonic development and in the physiological maintenance of electrical transmission, as well as in the process of repairing damaged areas produced in demyelinating pathologies. Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous set of pathologies of the Central Nervous System (CNS), mostly characterized by a multifactorial and polygenic etiology. One of the processes that favours neuronal degeneration is demyelination, a process of unknown origin that leads to a loss of myelin, either due to alterations in the functionality of the oligodendrocytes, or due to insufficient activity thereof...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 29-10-2021