Publication: Los Derechos de autor de los Humanoides
Las creaciones del intelecto artificial en un mundo global e interconectado
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2021-01-21
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El presente trabajo («Los derechos de autor de los humanoides. Las creaciones del intelecto artificial en un mundo global e interconectado») responde a las interrogantes y retos que la inteligencia artificial plantea para el derecho de autor, en particular, el más fundamental de todos ellos y que consiste en la posibilidad de las producciones creativas o intelectuales de los sistemas dotados de inteligencia artificial se consideren como obras a estos efectos y, por consiguiente, tanto éstas como sus autores reciban la tutela que el ordenamiento jurídico concede en estos casos al amparo de la normativa de propiedad intelectual nacional e internacional. Los sistemas de inteligencia artificial (basados en cerebros artificiales formados a partir de sistemas neuronales que aprenden autónomamente—machine learning y deep learning—) producen creaciones del tal calidad y resultado que si provinieran de un humano directamente se protegería por derecho de autor—a unos y otros—, sin más. En cambio, el hecho de que su autor material sea un agente artificial lo impide en la práctica totalidad de los ordenamientos jurídicos, abocando las obras al dominio público en el mejor de los casos. Sin embargo, los sistemas de inteligencia artificial creadores de obras son una realidad irrefutable que ha venido para quedarse. Por ello, esta tesis afronta el estudio de estas cuestiones desde la hipótesis de que, por un lado, las obras de los robots inteligentes son aptas para su tutela y, por otro, que los robots inteligentes perfectamente pueden cualificar como autores y operar jurídicamente como tales, para lo cual es imprescindible implementar una nueva categoría de la personalidad—los «humanoides»—que los recoja como sujetos de Derecho...
This work («Humanoid’s copyright. Artificial intelligence’s creations in a global and interconnected world») tackles the main questions and challenges of artificial intelligence and copyright, in particular, the fundamental one consisting in the possibility that production from artificial intelligence systems be recognized as copyrighted works and their authors as such, one as much as the other, within the international copyright regulation. Artificial intelligence systems (based on artificial brains made by neural systems that learn autonomously—machine learning and deep learning—) create in such a way that if works were made by a human, they would directly be protected by copyright and the creator would be deemed author without further issues. On the contrary, the fact that the real creator be an artificial agent prevents it in almost every legal system, driving works to public domain. However, artificial intelligence systems creating works is an irrefutable reality that has come to stay. Therefore, this thesis addresses the study of those questions from the hypothesis that, on the one hand, productions of intelligent robots are suitable to be protected by copyright, and, on the other hand, that smart robots are absolutely able to be legally seen as authors and to perform as such. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a new category of the personhood the «humanoids that faces them legal subjects The particular circumstances of these artificial intelligence systems (mainly their high learning and creating capabilities—autonomous—, in occasions higher than humans and its nonstoppable connection to the Internet) demand legal solutions focused not on a local level but on a global scope. To fulfil that task, international and comparative Law (mainly connected to countries in which this technology is way developed—such as USA, UK, Japan, China or Australia—) and where Private International Law solutions are of the utmost importance
This work («Humanoid’s copyright. Artificial intelligence’s creations in a global and interconnected world») tackles the main questions and challenges of artificial intelligence and copyright, in particular, the fundamental one consisting in the possibility that production from artificial intelligence systems be recognized as copyrighted works and their authors as such, one as much as the other, within the international copyright regulation. Artificial intelligence systems (based on artificial brains made by neural systems that learn autonomously—machine learning and deep learning—) create in such a way that if works were made by a human, they would directly be protected by copyright and the creator would be deemed author without further issues. On the contrary, the fact that the real creator be an artificial agent prevents it in almost every legal system, driving works to public domain. However, artificial intelligence systems creating works is an irrefutable reality that has come to stay. Therefore, this thesis addresses the study of those questions from the hypothesis that, on the one hand, productions of intelligent robots are suitable to be protected by copyright, and, on the other hand, that smart robots are absolutely able to be legally seen as authors and to perform as such. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a new category of the personhood the «humanoids that faces them legal subjects The particular circumstances of these artificial intelligence systems (mainly their high learning and creating capabilities—autonomous—, in occasions higher than humans and its nonstoppable connection to the Internet) demand legal solutions focused not on a local level but on a global scope. To fulfil that task, international and comparative Law (mainly connected to countries in which this technology is way developed—such as USA, UK, Japan, China or Australia—) and where Private International Law solutions are of the utmost importance
Description
Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, leída el 22-10-2021. Tesis retirada por expreso deseo del autor.