Publication: El marco jurídico internacional de los niños soldado. Evolución y nuevos debates tras el Caso Ongwen ante la Corte Penal Internacional
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2021
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
La situación de los niños soldado es sin duda uno de los contextos de mayor peligrosidad dentro de la comunidad internacional. Pese a lo amplio de la regulación internacional en la materia (ya dentro del Derecho Internacional Humanitario, del Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos o del Derecho Internacional Penal), todavía encontramos cifras ciertamente alarmantes que deben ser interpretadas como un aviso para que los Estados redoblen sus esfuerzos de cara a erradicar cualquier participación de menores en los conflictos armados. Este artículo realiza un análisis sobre la normativa internacional vigente en la materia desde los Protocolos adicionales de 1977 hasta la Convención sobre Derechos del Niño y su Protocolo facultativo relativo a la participación de niños en los conflictos armados. Además, estudia la regulación presente en el Estatuto de Roma y la jurisprudencia de la Corte Penal Internacional al respecto, deteniéndose especialmente en los debates abiertos a colación de la sentencia sobre Dominic Ongwen, antiguo niño soldado.
The situation of child soldiers is undoubtedly one of the most dangerous contexts within the international community. Despite the broadness of international regulation in this area (International Humanitarian Law, International Human Rights Law or International Criminal Law), we still find certainly alarming figures that should be interpreted as a warning for States to redouble their efforts in order to eradicate any participation of childs in armed conflicts. This article analyses the international standards in this area from the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict. In addition, the article studies the Rome Statute and the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court. Also, it focuses especially on the debates on the judgment on Dominic Ongwen, a former child soldier.
The situation of child soldiers is undoubtedly one of the most dangerous contexts within the international community. Despite the broadness of international regulation in this area (International Humanitarian Law, International Human Rights Law or International Criminal Law), we still find certainly alarming figures that should be interpreted as a warning for States to redouble their efforts in order to eradicate any participation of childs in armed conflicts. This article analyses the international standards in this area from the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict. In addition, the article studies the Rome Statute and the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court. Also, it focuses especially on the debates on the judgment on Dominic Ongwen, a former child soldier.