Publication: Efectores positivos y negativos de la embriogénesis somática y de microsporas de especies cultivadas y forestales: regulación hormonal, pared celular y muerte celular
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2022-02-01
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El proceso de embriogénesis somática in vitro es un ejemplo fascinante de totipotencia celular y una potente herramienta biotecnológica que permite la regeneración de plantas completas a partir de la reprogramación de distintas células somáticas. Cuando la célula reprogramada es la microspora (célula precursora del polen), el proceso se denomina embriogénesis de microsporas. In vivo, las microsporas siguen una ruta de desarrollo estrictamente regulada que conduce a la producción del grano de polen maduro. Sin embargo, mediante tratamientos de estrés, la microspora puede reprogramarse in vitro hacia una ruta embriogénica, produciendo embriones y plantas haploides y doble-haploides de gran utilidad en mejora vegetal. A pesar del enorme interés de la embriogénesis somática, aún se desconocen muchos de los mecanismos que regulan este proceso, lo cual resulta clave para poder mejorar su eficiencia en especies de interés agronómico y forestal...
The in vitro somatic embryogenesis process is a fascinating example of cell totipotency and constitutes an important biotechnological tool for whole plant regeneration by reprogramming of different somatic cells. When microspore (pollen precursor cell) is the reprogrammed cell, the process is known as microspore embryogenesis. In vivo, the microspores follow a strictly regulated gametophytic developmental pathway to produce mature pollen grains. However, in response to stress treatments, the microspore can be reprogrammed in vitro towards an embryogenesis pathway, producing haploid and double-haploid embryos and plants, widely used in plant breeding. However, despite the great interest of somatic embryogenesis, the regulatory mechanisms that underlie this process are still unknown. Understanding the regulation of the process will permit to improve its efficiency in species of agronomic and forestry interest...
The in vitro somatic embryogenesis process is a fascinating example of cell totipotency and constitutes an important biotechnological tool for whole plant regeneration by reprogramming of different somatic cells. When microspore (pollen precursor cell) is the reprogrammed cell, the process is known as microspore embryogenesis. In vivo, the microspores follow a strictly regulated gametophytic developmental pathway to produce mature pollen grains. However, in response to stress treatments, the microspore can be reprogrammed in vitro towards an embryogenesis pathway, producing haploid and double-haploid embryos and plants, widely used in plant breeding. However, despite the great interest of somatic embryogenesis, the regulatory mechanisms that underlie this process are still unknown. Understanding the regulation of the process will permit to improve its efficiency in species of agronomic and forestry interest...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, leída el 22-11-2021