Publication: Motivaciones y efectos sociales de la Economía Colaborativa: el sector del transporte en España como estudio de caso
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2022
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos
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Durante los últimos años, los modelos de negocio surgidos al amparo del paradigma que abre la Economía Colaborativa han experimentado un notable crecimiento, al tiempo que el propio fenómeno de la Economía Colaborativa ampliaba la heterogeneidad de su contenido y, en gran medida, se profesionalizaba. Los efectos de este acontecimiento se perciben en muchos ámbitos, de forma especialmente notoria en el social, donde se clasifican en efectos positivos por un lado y efectos negativos por otro para, utilizando la Teoría del Triple Balance, ponderar la sostenibilidad de estas dinámicas. Paralelamente surge la cuestión: ¿Por qué se participa en los sectores colaborativos? De forma general, un análisis de la literatura académica existente nos conducirá a entender qué motivaciones de tipo social pueden subyacer a la decisión de convertirse en usuario colaborativo; de forma particular, se analiza el sector del transporte colaborativo en España a través de la encuesta “Panel de Hogares” realizada por una institución solvente como es la Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia para comprobar qué mueve a estos consumidores, distinguiendo entre los usuarios de un modelo B2C y otro C2C, y proveedores de servicios a serlo, y esbozamos a continuación un breve perfil del consumidor para mejor comprensión de los matices de esta realidad. El resultado de este análisis proporcionará un marco de trabajo a investigaciones teóricas futuras, en tanto construye matrices sociales que contraponen los aspectos positivos frente a los efectos negativos de este paradigma; al tiempo que podría consistir una herramienta práctica en tanto perfila al usuario de transporte colaborativo en España, así como qué le mueve a participar, lo que facilitaría el lanzamiento de campañas destinadas a los grupos sociodemográficos de interés en cuestión.
During the last years, bussines models that have risen up under the shelter of paradigm opened by Collaborative Economy have experimented a notable expansion while Collaborative Economy itself was expanding its content´s heterogeneity and was greatly turning professional. These occurrence´s effects are perceived in different areas, in the social one specially, where we classify positive effects and negative effects for analysing these dynamics´sustainability trought Triple Bottom Line Theory. In the meantime, we set out the question: why do people participate in collaborative sectors? Generally, a current academic literature´s analysis will drive us to understand what social motivations can be hidden in the decision of become a collaborative user; particularly, we analyse the collaborative transport sector in Spain using the “Panel de Hogares” survey, made by a solvent institution as the spanish National Commission of Markets and Competition is, for finding what moves these consumers, standing out between users of a B2C model and users of a C2C model, and services providers to become so, and following, we make a brief consumer´s profile in the interest of a better understanding about every aspects of this reality. The results of this analysis will provide a framework for future theoretical investigations, as long as it builds a social matrix which contrasts positive aspects and negative effects of this paradigm; at same time, it could be a practical tool as long as it defines the user of collaborative transport in Spain as well as what move them to participate, that could make easier to launch compaigns aiming at sociodemographic groups of interest.
During the last years, bussines models that have risen up under the shelter of paradigm opened by Collaborative Economy have experimented a notable expansion while Collaborative Economy itself was expanding its content´s heterogeneity and was greatly turning professional. These occurrence´s effects are perceived in different areas, in the social one specially, where we classify positive effects and negative effects for analysing these dynamics´sustainability trought Triple Bottom Line Theory. In the meantime, we set out the question: why do people participate in collaborative sectors? Generally, a current academic literature´s analysis will drive us to understand what social motivations can be hidden in the decision of become a collaborative user; particularly, we analyse the collaborative transport sector in Spain using the “Panel de Hogares” survey, made by a solvent institution as the spanish National Commission of Markets and Competition is, for finding what moves these consumers, standing out between users of a B2C model and users of a C2C model, and services providers to become so, and following, we make a brief consumer´s profile in the interest of a better understanding about every aspects of this reality. The results of this analysis will provide a framework for future theoretical investigations, as long as it builds a social matrix which contrasts positive aspects and negative effects of this paradigm; at same time, it could be a practical tool as long as it defines the user of collaborative transport in Spain as well as what move them to participate, that could make easier to launch compaigns aiming at sociodemographic groups of interest.
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