Publication: Islamistas e izquierda en la oposición política marroquí: un análisis de sus relaciones a través del estudio de al-Adl w-al-Ihsane
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2017
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Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: Taller de Estudios Internacionales Mediterr�neos
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Durante décadas, Marruecos ha sido el escenario de enfrentamientos entre las distintas corrientes islamistas y los movimientos de izquierdas, tanto desde una perspectiva intelectual como, en ocasiones, violenta. Tomando en consideración que el desarrollo del Islam político fue potenciado en el país como contrapeso a la expansión de las corrientes de izquierdas, ambos grupos parecían destinados a competir por imponer su visión ideológica y movilizar una misma base social. Sin embargo, los inicios del s. XXI mostraron nuevas dinámicas de colaboración y diálogo entre islamistas y la izquierda en el seno de la oposición política marroquí. Esta colaboración se hizo patente durante las protestas antiautoritarias de 2011 en el marco del Movimiento 20-F. ¿Se trató de una relación puntual motivada por el contexto del país, o de una nueva pauta de colaboración? Apoyándose en un cuerpo de entrevistas realizadas en el periodo de enero-junio de 2017, esta comunicación realiza una revisión histórica de los múltiples intentos de acercamiento entre al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane (Justicia y Espiritualidad) y las fuerzas de oposición al régimen, que, finalmente, condujeron a su colaboración en 2011, y analiza las consecuencias que ésta ha tenido sobre los actores involucrados.
For decades, Morocco has been the scene of many confrontations between the Left and Islamist movements, resulting in an ideological –and sometimes violent– confrontation. Political Islam was promoted in the country as a means to counteract the influence of expanding leftist ideologies, and both groups seemed destined to compete for the hegemony of their ideological approach and control of the same social base. However, the twenty-first century has witnessed new attempts to establish a dialogue between these two members of the political opposition to the regime. These attempts manifested themselves in the antiauthoritarian protests of 2011 in the framework of the 20 February Movement. Was this a one-time event or the beginning of a new dynamic of collaboration? Drawing on a body of interviews conducted from January to June 2017, this article offers a historical review of the many attempts at dialogue between al-Adl wal-Ihsan and other political opposition actors to understand how this collaboration took place and its consequences.
For decades, Morocco has been the scene of many confrontations between the Left and Islamist movements, resulting in an ideological –and sometimes violent– confrontation. Political Islam was promoted in the country as a means to counteract the influence of expanding leftist ideologies, and both groups seemed destined to compete for the hegemony of their ideological approach and control of the same social base. However, the twenty-first century has witnessed new attempts to establish a dialogue between these two members of the political opposition to the regime. These attempts manifested themselves in the antiauthoritarian protests of 2011 in the framework of the 20 February Movement. Was this a one-time event or the beginning of a new dynamic of collaboration? Drawing on a body of interviews conducted from January to June 2017, this article offers a historical review of the many attempts at dialogue between al-Adl wal-Ihsan and other political opposition actors to understand how this collaboration took place and its consequences.