Publication: Vulnerabilidad, autonomía e intervención social: reflexiones a partir del análisis socio-antropológico de la Ley de Renta Mínima de Inserción de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid
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Publication Date
2018
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Abstract
El presente artículo presenta el resultado de una investigación sobre la Renta Mínima de Inserción de la Comunidad de Madrid, esencialmente, aquellos aspectos relativos a la visión de la exclusión social que emana de los textos legales reguladores de dicha política social. Argumentaremos aquí que, a pesar de la aparente claridad de los documentos que regulan la RMI, la lectura que de ella se está realizando de la parte de trabajadores sociales, está generando un proceso de “esencialización de la vulnerabilidad” (Fassin, 2012) o exclusión social, permitiendo que ésta exista en sí misma, de manera prácticamente autónoma y desligada de aquellos sujetos que debería permitir conceptualizar o, en su caso, proteger. Gracias a dichos instrumentos legales/jurídicos, y a su formalismo, la construcción de la vulnerabilidad social reflejada en ellos tiende a ocultar los procesos sociales de producción de dicha vulnerabilidad social. A través de los resultados del estudio socio-antropológico de la ley de la RMI de la Comunidad de Madrid, y de los resultados de entrevistas a profesionales de la intervención social, se presentan los aspectos más ambivalentes de los documentos reguladores de dicha política social. En la segunda parte de este artículo, se estudian las concepciones de la exclusión y de la intervención social que emanan de dichos documentos, y se presentan las contradicciones de la ley en relación a las actuaciones y discursos de los profesionales de la intervención social.
This article presents the result of an investigation on the minimum income integration policy in the region of Madrid (Spain). We present here those aspects -related to representation of social exclusion- that emanate from the legal texts regulating this social policy (RMI). We will argue here that, despite the apparent clarity of the documents that regulate the RMI, the interpretation that is currently made of it by social workers is "naturalizing vulnerability" (Fassin, 2012) or social exclusion. Consequently, social vulnerability becomes practically autonomous and, in doing so, it becomes detached from those subjects that should allow to conceptualize it. Thanks to the legal instruments that regulate this social policy, as well as the formalism that is used, the construction of social vulnerability that these devices reflect tends to hide the social processes that are at the origin of the aforementioned vulnerability. Through the results of the socio-anthropological study of the law and the discourses of social intervention professionals, the most ambivalent aspects of this social policy are presented. In the second part of this article, we study the concepts of exclusion and social intervention that arise from these documents, and expose the contradictions of the law in relation to the actions of professionals who directly apply this policy.
This article presents the result of an investigation on the minimum income integration policy in the region of Madrid (Spain). We present here those aspects -related to representation of social exclusion- that emanate from the legal texts regulating this social policy (RMI). We will argue here that, despite the apparent clarity of the documents that regulate the RMI, the interpretation that is currently made of it by social workers is "naturalizing vulnerability" (Fassin, 2012) or social exclusion. Consequently, social vulnerability becomes practically autonomous and, in doing so, it becomes detached from those subjects that should allow to conceptualize it. Thanks to the legal instruments that regulate this social policy, as well as the formalism that is used, the construction of social vulnerability that these devices reflect tends to hide the social processes that are at the origin of the aforementioned vulnerability. Through the results of the socio-anthropological study of the law and the discourses of social intervention professionals, the most ambivalent aspects of this social policy are presented. In the second part of this article, we study the concepts of exclusion and social intervention that arise from these documents, and expose the contradictions of the law in relation to the actions of professionals who directly apply this policy.