Publication: Donación de sangre y medicina transfusional en la prensa española
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Publication Date
2020
Authors
Bomfim de Souza, Mariluce Karla
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Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
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Abstract
Introducción: Los medios de comunicación cumplen un papel fundamental a la hora de fomentar la donación de sangre y de construir los valores y contenidos simbólicos que se asocian a ella. Objetivos: Estudiar las formas en que la prensa española trata la donación de sangre y otras cuestiones relacionadas con la medicina transfusional. Métodos: A partir de una búsqueda realizada en los diarios El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, El Confidencial y eldiario.es, se recopilaron 332 noticias publicadas durante 2016. Se realizó un análisis estadístico por frecuencia simple y un análisis de contenido. Resultados: Las noticias fueron clasificadas por temática, encontrándose que un 45,5% refería campañas y llamadas para donación; un 26,8% abordaba cuestiones organizativas relacionadas con los servicios y recursos transfusionales; un 19,6% trataba sobre investigación médica e innovaciones terapéuticas; y un 11,4% cuestiones didácticas o divulgativas. Además, un 24,4% de las noticias mencionaba explícitamente significados relacionados con valores como el altruismo, generosidad o solidaridad, mientras que un 29,8% hacía mención a territorios específicos. Conclusiones: Se identificaron cinco funciones que los diarios cumplirían respecto de la promoción y construcción simbólica de la donación de sangre: apelativa, didáctica, futurista, ideológica y construcción de identidades colectivas.
Introduction: The media play a fundamental role when it comes to promoting blood donation and building the symbolic values and contents associated with it. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the ways in which press treats blood donation and other issues related to transfusion medicine, based on an analysis of news published in the main newspapers of Spain during the year 2016. Methods: From a search conducted in the newspapers El Pais, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, El Confidencial and eldiario.es, 332 news items were selected. A simple frequency statistical analysis was performed, as well as a content analysis. Results: News items were classified by topic, finding that 45.5% of the news referred campaigns and calls for donation; 26.8% addressed organizational issues related to transfusion services and resources;19.6% dealt with medical research and therapeutic innovations; and 11.4% addressed didactic or educational issues. In addition, 24.4% of the news explicitly mentioned values such as altruism, generosity or solidarity, while 29.8% referred to specific territories or made comparisons between autonomous communities. Conclusions: We identified five functions that newspapers fulfill regarding the promotion and symbolic construction of blood donation: appealing, didactic, futuristic, ideological and construction of collective identities.
Introduction: The media play a fundamental role when it comes to promoting blood donation and building the symbolic values and contents associated with it. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the ways in which press treats blood donation and other issues related to transfusion medicine, based on an analysis of news published in the main newspapers of Spain during the year 2016. Methods: From a search conducted in the newspapers El Pais, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, El Confidencial and eldiario.es, 332 news items were selected. A simple frequency statistical analysis was performed, as well as a content analysis. Results: News items were classified by topic, finding that 45.5% of the news referred campaigns and calls for donation; 26.8% addressed organizational issues related to transfusion services and resources;19.6% dealt with medical research and therapeutic innovations; and 11.4% addressed didactic or educational issues. In addition, 24.4% of the news explicitly mentioned values such as altruism, generosity or solidarity, while 29.8% referred to specific territories or made comparisons between autonomous communities. Conclusions: We identified five functions that newspapers fulfill regarding the promotion and symbolic construction of blood donation: appealing, didactic, futuristic, ideological and construction of collective identities.