Publication: Los Archivos Nacionales y la ley del 7 de mesidor. Notas para una arqueología del saber histórico en Francia
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2020
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Universidad Carlos III
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Abstract
En este artículo se revisará el debate sobre la génesis del saber histórico en Francia. Por lo general, la imagen oficial del asunto sostiene que la profesionalización es un proceso que se remonta a las reformas universitarias de la Tercera República. Lo que se propone, sin embargo, en este texto es un cambio de perspectiva sobre el tema. Lejos de agotar el análisis en la codificación del método y la creación de una enseñanza estandarizada, se procederá al estudio de otros factores que también han concurrido a la autonomía del saber histórico. La creación de los Archivos Nacionales desempeña un papel importante en este sentido. Surgidos de la política de confiscaciones auspiciada por la Revolución francesa, los Archivos Nacionales plantean cambios importantes en la fisonomía del espacio archivístico, sentando así las bases para el desarrollo de una comunidad de investigación basada en la consulta y el contacto regular con los documentos. Por último, se reflexiona sobre el contexto legislativo en el que se enmarca el surgimiento de tales archivos, así como en la política de la memoria que se deja traslucir en la ley y los marcos clasificatorios que regulan su funcionamiento.
In this article, we review the debate on the genesis of historical knowledge in France. In general, the official view is that professionalisation is a process stretching back to the university reforms of the Third Republic. What is proposed here, however, is a change of perspective on the subject. Far from exhausting the analysis in the codification of the method and the creation of a standardized teaching, we will proceed to the study of other factors that have also concurred with the emancipation of historical knowledge. In this sense, the creation of the National Archives plays a fundamental role. Emerging from the policy of confiscations sponsored by the French Revolution, the National Archives propose important changes in the physiognomy of the archival space, thus laying the foundations for the development of a research community based on consultation and regular contact with documents. Finally, we reflect on the legislative context of this emergence of the archives and on the politics of memory that is revealed in the law and the classification frameworks that regulate their operation.
In this article, we review the debate on the genesis of historical knowledge in France. In general, the official view is that professionalisation is a process stretching back to the university reforms of the Third Republic. What is proposed here, however, is a change of perspective on the subject. Far from exhausting the analysis in the codification of the method and the creation of a standardized teaching, we will proceed to the study of other factors that have also concurred with the emancipation of historical knowledge. In this sense, the creation of the National Archives plays a fundamental role. Emerging from the policy of confiscations sponsored by the French Revolution, the National Archives propose important changes in the physiognomy of the archival space, thus laying the foundations for the development of a research community based on consultation and regular contact with documents. Finally, we reflect on the legislative context of this emergence of the archives and on the politics of memory that is revealed in the law and the classification frameworks that regulate their operation.