Publication: La construcción del "buen donante" de semen: selección, elección, anonimato y trazabilidad
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2018
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Centro de Estudios sobre la Identidad Colectiva. Universidad del País Vasco
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Abstract
En el año 2018 se cumplen 40 años del nacimiento de Louise Brown, la primera persona concebida por fecundación in vitro. Lo que comenzó siendo una solución para los problemas de fertilidad en parejas heterosexuales ha abierto sus puertas al acceso de otros actores sociales y ha generado oportunidades para el desarrollo de diversos modelos familiares (padres y madres monoparentales por elección o parentalidades lesbianas y gays, entre otros). En muchos casos de reproducción asistida es necesaria la participación de donantes reproductivos: donantes de semen, donantes de óvulos, de embriones y gestantes subrogadas. Este artículo se centra en los donantes de semen: quién debe elegir al donante —el personal biomédico o los receptores y las receptoras—, el anonimato o no y la trazabilidad de las muestras de semen. Se presentarán los resultados incipientes del trabajo etnográfico realizado en España y Dinamarca con donantes y profesionales de clínicas y bancos de semen, que dan cuenta de las nuevas concepciones y relaciones que estas realidades están suponiendo para los diversos actores implicados en los procesos de reproducción asistida.
2018 marks the 40th anniversary of the birth of Louise Brown, the first human conceived and born as a result of in vitro fertilization. What started as a solution for fertility problems experienced by heterosexual couples has spread among different users, creating opportunities for alternative family models (single parents by choice or lesbian and gay parents, among others). Third-party involvement is necessary in most cases of assisted reproductive techniques, whether through the donation of sperm, eggs or embryos or the participation of surrogates. This article focuses on sperm donors: who should choose the donor —biomedical staff or recipients—, anonymity, and traceability of sperm samples. We present the preliminary results of an ethnographic work carried out in Spain and Denmark with clinics and sperm banks. The interviewed show the new conceptions and relationships that these situations have for different actors involved in assisted reproduction.
2018 marks the 40th anniversary of the birth of Louise Brown, the first human conceived and born as a result of in vitro fertilization. What started as a solution for fertility problems experienced by heterosexual couples has spread among different users, creating opportunities for alternative family models (single parents by choice or lesbian and gay parents, among others). Third-party involvement is necessary in most cases of assisted reproductive techniques, whether through the donation of sperm, eggs or embryos or the participation of surrogates. This article focuses on sperm donors: who should choose the donor —biomedical staff or recipients—, anonymity, and traceability of sperm samples. We present the preliminary results of an ethnographic work carried out in Spain and Denmark with clinics and sperm banks. The interviewed show the new conceptions and relationships that these situations have for different actors involved in assisted reproduction.